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, , . , () , ,

3 + 2 3+ + 3

= [H3O+][CH3COO] [CH3COOH]

- , - .

, , .

NH3HOH NH4+ + OH

,

o = [NH4+][OH] [NH3 HOH]

. , ,

HF + H2O H3O+ + F, Kk = 6,67104 1 (25).

, , ( ) :

= 6,67104 (HF, F, H2O, 25C) 1.

, , , . : , .

, - . , . , :

23 + 2 3+ + 3;
3 + 2 3 + 32.

- - , 1:

1 = [H3O+][HCO3 ] [H2CO3]

- - 2:

2 = [H3O+][CO32 ] [HCO3 ]

23 + 22 23+ + 32

:

= [H3O+][HCO32 ] [H2CO3]

, 1, 2 :

= 12.

, ( , ..) , :

> 2 > 3 01 > 02 > 03...

, , , .

, , c, α, cα, c(1 α). ( , ) :

, 0 = (cB α)2 cB(1 α) , 0 = α2 1 α cB

. e , . , , .

, , . α <<, α . :

,0 = α2

, : .





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: 2016-11-24; !; : 657 |


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