3. Guess the meanings of the following phrases and match them with their Russian equivalents:
to refuse a Bill обсудить законопроект
to introduce a Bill внести поправку в законопроект
to debate a Bill отложить принятие законопроекта
to amend a Bill принять законопроект
to delay the passage of a Bill выдвинуть законопроект
to pass a Bill отклонить законопроект
Put the stages of making a Bill in a logic order (See task 2).
Vocabulary
| a Bill | билль, законопроект |
| a Public Bill | общественный законопроект |
| a Private Bill [’praɪvɪt] | частный законопроект |
| an Act of Parliament | парламентский акт |
| the Royal Assent [ə’sent] | королевская санкция |
| a Statute Law [’stætʃu:t ] | статутный закон(писаный закон) |
| a Money Bill | финансовый законопроект |
| an amendment [ə’mendmənt] | поправка |
Read the following text and translate it into Russin.
Every year Parliament passes about a hundred laws directly, by making Acts of Parliament.
No new law can be passed until it has completed a number of stages in the House of Commons and the House of Lords. The Monarch also has to give a Bill the Royal Assent, which is now just a formality. Since 1707 no sovereign has refused a Bill. Whilst a law is still going through Parliament it is called a Bill. There are two main types of Bills - Public Bills which deal with matters of public importance, and Private Bills which deal with local matters and individuals.
When a Bill is introduced in the House of Commons, it receives a formal first reading. It is then printed and read a second time, when it is debated but not amended. After the second reading the Bill is referred to a committee, either a special committee made up of certain members of the House, or to the House itself as a committee. Here it is discussed in detail and amended, if necessary. The Bill is then presented for a third reading and is debated. If the Bill is passed by the Commons it goes to the Lords, and provided it is not rejected by them, it goes through the same procedure as in the Commons. After receiving the Royal Assent the Bill becomes an Act of Parliament. In order to be enforced, it must be published in Statute form becoming a part of Statute Law. The power of the Lords to reject a Bill has been severely limited. A Money Bill must be passed by the Lords without amendment within a month of being presented in the House. The Act of 1949 provides that any Public Bill passed by the Commons in two successive parliamentary sessions and rejected both times by the Lords, may be presented for the Royal Assent, even though it has not been passed by the Lords. The Lords, therefore, can only delay the passage of a Bill, they cannot reject it.
4. Find in the text the equivalents to the following Russian words and phrases:
Принять закон, пройти определенное число стадий, наложить королевскую санкцию, касаться вопросов общественного значения, касаться вопросов местного характера, направить билль в комитет, обсудить подробно (в деталях), пройти аналогичную процедуру.
Give the definitions to the words given below. If you cannot find any definition in the text, use a dictionary and explain the meanings of the words yourself.
A Bill, the Royal Assent, a Public Bill, a Private Bill, an Act of Parliament, a Statute Law, a Money Bill, a law.
Translation grammar
| В английском языке глаголы часто употребляются в пассивной форме (Passive Voice). В таких предложениях подлежащее не выполняет действие, а само подвергается какому-либо действию. Иногда в русском предложении в отличие от английского объект, на который направлено действие, вообще не является подлежащим, а отвечает на вопросы «кого?/что?» Например: • Пожизненные пэры назначаютсякоролева.- Life peers are appointed by the Queen. • Во время парламентских слушаний в Гостевую Галерею пускают посетителей.- During Parliamentary sessions visitors are admitted into the Strangers' Gallery. • Членов парламента (кого?) выбирают избиратели. – MPs are elected by voters. Как видно из примеров, в таких предложениях в английском варианте действие (сказуемое) строится по формуле: be (am, is, are, was, were, have/has been…) + V3(третья форма смыслового глагола). Чтобы правильно перевести такие предложения на русский язык, необходимо к смысловому глаголу добавить характерные окончания: -ся, -ат/-ят, -ут/-ют. Например: Life peers are appointed by the Queen. “are appointed”– пассивная форма глагола “to appoint” –назначать. Добавляем «ся». Получаем: Пожизненные пэры назначаютсякоролевой. |
6. Find all the verbs used in the Passive Voice in the text. Then, read these sentences and translate them into Russian.
7. Find in the text all the stages a Bill must complete to become a law. What happens to a Bill at each stage?
Example: 1) Introducing a Bill: a Billreceives a formal first reading.
The House of Lords
1.Review the information about the House of Lords and answer the questions:
a)What kinds of Lords can you name?
b)Who are the Lords Temporal/Spiritual/Law Lords?
c)Whom do the Lords Spiritual consist of?
d)Who is the Lord Chancellor?
e)What is the role of the Lords in the law-making process?
Vocabulary
| the Church of England | Англиканская Церковь |
| to preside [prɪˈzaɪd] over | председательствовать |
| Duke [djuːk] | герцог |
| viscount [ˈvaɪkaʊnt] | виконт |
| magnate [ˈmæɡneɪt] | магнат |
| proprietor [prə’praɪətə] | собственник, владелец |
| signature [’sɪgnətʃə] | подпись |
