2012
1
1. S; H2SO4; ( , ) SO2; H2S; H2O.
2. S + 6 HNO3(.) ¾ H2SO4 + 6 NO2 + 2 H2O;
H2SO4(.) + S ¾ 3 SO2 + 2 H2O;
S + H2 ¾ H2S;
S + H2O ¾ SO2 + H2S ( 400 );
SO2 + NaOH(.) ¾ NaHSO3;
SO2 + 2 NaOH(.) ¾ Na2SO3 + H2O;
H2S + H2SO4(.) ¾ S + SO2 + 2 H2O (.);
H2S + 3 H2SO4(.) ¾ 4 SO2 + 4 H2O (.).
3. S + Fe ¾ FeS
n(Fe) = m(Fe) / M(Fe) = 1 / 56 = 0.0179 .
n(FeS) = n(Fe) = 0.0179 .
m(FeS) = n(FeS) × M(FeS) = 0.0179 × (56 + 32) = 1.58 1.6 .
4. , . .
5. (, ) FeS2, CaSO4×2H2O .
6. , , .
7. .
2
:
CaCl2 + Na2CO3 ¾ CaCO3¯ + 2NaCl
471.08 = 50.76 50.76 0.25 = 12.69 .
x CaCl26H2O. x Na2CO3 x CaCO3.
:
m(-) = 50.76 + m(CaCl26H2O) - m(CaCO3) = 50.76 + 219x - 100x.
:
m(Na2CO3) = 12.69 - 106x
Na2CO3 10%. :
0.1 = 
. x = 0.0809 .
0.0809 219 = 17.72 .
3
, 0.5 20 º 745 . . . -:
m(.) = 0.0204 × 29/ = 0.5916 .
CaCO3 c HCl :
CaCO3 + 2 HCl = CaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
0.0204 :
m(CO2) = 0.0204 × 44/ = 0.8976 . , 0.8976 - 0.5916 = 0.306 .
. , , .
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4
1. 2, , 22, , Cl2CH-CHCl2, 1,1,2,2-, D CH2=CHCl, , - CH3-CCl2, 1,1-
2. :
2 + 2 2 ¾ º + ()2
º + 2 Cl2 ¾ Cl2CH-CHCl2
º + HCl ¾ CH2=CHCl
º + 2 HCl ¾ CH3-CCl2
3.
()
, , , .. , .
| 1. | |
| - 1 | |
| 1 | |
| FeS | |
| H2SO4 | |
| 25 | |
| 2. | |
| 24 | |
| 3. |
| , | |
| , | |
| , | |
| 25 | |
| 4. | |
| - 2 | |
| 4 -Ŗ 3 | |
| 26 | |
| 100 |
