2012
1
.
, | ||
- | ||
, | ||
, | ||
2
: 200 ∙ 0.3 = 60 ().
: 60 − 20 = 40 ().
: 200 − 20 = 180 ().
40 / 180 = 0.222, 22.2 %.
3
:
22Ne | 16O2− | 7Li+ | 27Al3+ | |
−2 | +1 | +3 |
4
, , , .
4.1. A , , . B , , , .
4.2. , . . , . .
1. | |
(3 ) | 9 |
(3 ) | 9 |
(3 ) | 9 |
27 | |
2. | |
5 | |
5 | |
5 | |
5 | |
20 | |
3. | |
(9 ) | 27 |
27 | |
4. | |
(2 ) | 14 |
(2 ) | 12 |
26 | |
100 |
|
|
2012
1
1. .
1.1. I2.
1.2. 4 HI + O2 ¾ 2 I2 + 2 H2O.
1.3. , , , , . () , .
2
.
2.1. 1. , .
2. , , NaOH. . Na[Al(OH)4] , , Na[Al(OH)4(H2O)2]. Fe(OH)3 - , .
3. .
4. Al(OH)3 ( ) ( ).
5. . .
6. .
2.2. .
AlCl3 + 3 NaOH ¾ Al(OH)3↓ + 3 NaCl,
FeCl3 + 3 NaOH ¾ Fe(OH)3↓ + 3 NaCl,
Al(OH)3 + NaOH ¾ Na[Al(OH)4],
Na[Al(OH)4] + HCl ¾ Al(OH)3↓ + NaCl + H2O,
Al(OH)3 + 3 HCl ¾ AlCl3 + 3 H2O.
3
(x − ):
M2S x ¾ 2MCl x.
A − . :
,
,
x, .
x | A | ||
68.8 | Zn Ga | ||
137.6 | Ba | , BaS BaCl2 | |
206.4 | Tl Pb | +3 | |
275.2 |
, .
4
1 (32 ) 1 SO2 (64 ) 1 SO3. , 8 16 SO2 SO3.
16 SO2 SO3 , 8 SO2, 24 . , 8 SO3 74 + 24 = 98 .
|
|
1 | |
6 | |
HI | 6 |
10 | |
22 | |
2 | |
18 | |
12 | |
30 | |
3 | |
A / x | 16 |
BaS BaCl2 | 8 |
24 | |
4 | |
SO2 | 8 |
SO2 | 8 |
8 | |
24 | |
100 |