1. Time is often required, () the courage necessary to talk about real problems and difficulties. 2. Then, at last feeling fairly safe, she allowed herself () into the nearest chair, totally drained by everything that had happened since she had woken up this morning. 3. The government has decided () production at the country's biggest lead plant for several months because it is causing severe pollution to nearby agricultural land. 4. Parents are taking action to challenge the schools closure. 5. The amount of credit outstanding for fuel is now approaching £1,000 million; that is to say, for every £1 that consumers () for other purchases they () perhaps 10p for fuel. 6. The very least he must do is to swallow his (...) and seek advice and help from fellow English managers at the highest level. 7. The police officer requested that the driver () the driving license. 8. The pharmaceutical industry had a interest in seeing that their own branded drugs were prescribed. 9. If the writing doesn't have a tangible effect on you, the writer, it is unlikely to () or arouse others. 10. The director threatened () his resignation unless his demands are accepted. 11. That rude child is an () to his parents. 12. We are in (), the train has not left yet.
b) praise, praiseworthy, content, contents, to be obliged, to suffice, insufficient, unfamiliar, reprehensible
1. If you are at some stage asked to undertake tasks with which you are (), your starting point should be to ascertain whether you () to do what is wanted. 2. The poor showing of Britain's men in last year's World Championships was widely attributed to () recovery time between the trial and the championships. 3. The most () part of the Bush policy was a drop in overall cocaine-taking. 4. Moscato Spumante, a sweet white wine from Italy, was described as having a low local alcohol () which makes it easy to drink on its own and as an aperitif. 5. Industrial action, for example, is usually seen as () the pressure exerted by trade unions becomes a threat to democracy rather than part of it whilst the pressure exerted by business is overlooked. 6. A great Victorian house with remarkable () will be preserved intact and opened to the public by English Heritage. 7. It is bizarre that, speaking as a Labour voter, I have been having to heap () on the Conservative Party, which I have opposed all my political life.
8. What is required is residence and mere presence clearly will not ().
c) to compel, to encounter, compelling, mastery, vain, in vain, commonplace, to stand out, average, to grab attention, margin, confinement
1. This makes them () as new and unfamiliar against the industrial background, as if they are somehow out of place. 2. The Water Resources Act 1991gives the National Rivers Authority wide-ranging powers to combat water pollution including, again, the right () landowners to pay for remedial work. 3. Banks make their profit from the difference, known as () or spread, between the interest rates they charge borrowers and the rates they pay to depositors. 4. The mayor remained at liberty pending a decision as to his place of (), and an anticipated appeal against the severity of the sentence. 5. If they buy on credit are they likely () difficulties in repaying the loan? 6. Did he have a () reason for resigning? 7. Admirers of Furtwängler's renowned () of large-scale symphonic structures will no doubt be disappointed that all the items presented here are of relatively short duration. 8. Too much praise can make a man (). 9. For a few years in his late teens, when unemployment was () in his trade (building), Charlie was a registered club caddie. 10. The map of population shows the areas where there has been a loss of people depopulation or only a very small, less than () gain. 12. The bad characters in any story () more easily than the good ones because in them are realised our own temptations and foul qualities which we suppress in our daily lives.
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V. Insert the required prepositions:
A)
1. Living (...) such conditions can cause the strongest personalities to sink () depression. 2. Their courage in entering () the conflict and their presence () mind () circumstances in which they have been in enormous danger are a great tribute () the individuals themselves and () the institution that sent them.
3. After some discussion we decided to hold () the cheque for a day or two instead of refusing it, while I made some informal inquiries. 4. The new company did well at first, but then ran () trouble. 5. The competitors () the beauty contest were kept () suspense waiting for the results. 6. The Government would rather tear () the whole treaty than accept the social chapter. 7. It is a truly exceptional company, () which all who work for the company take pride. 8. Proposed mergers involving a projected turnover () under f1,400 million could be examined by the Commission () the request () any state official. 9. Full details of the case will be sent () request. 10. He used to pride himself () his self control. 11. Owing () his current financial embarrassment he cant pay the bill.
B)
1. He watched Tom lift two more saucepans and empty them together with a handful of salt () the tub. 2. It took just over an hour to empty Wavebreaker (a boat) () her garbage and dirty linen. 3. Any boy who dared to venture () the Thick Forest alone was deserving of great respect. 4. The maternal words If you don't study hard, you'll end () on the check-out counter at Tesco's had had, if not the intended effect, the result of causing Camille and her friends to look () shop assistants. 5. Even after the departure of the foreigners, resources which were still () plentiful supply at that time were () increasing pressure from the by now much increased local populations. 6. But these considerations should not be allowed to diminish pleasure () and admiration () the parts of her book that have to do () the history of ideas. 7. I usually make a point () removing anything remotely fragile the instant we step () board. 8. During the first three years of life the young child will venture () and return () the secure base of a parent's presence when conducting expeditions () unfamiliar territory.
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C)
1. Scotland eventually won the match () the narrow margin of 5-4. 2. The examples are too numerous to quote, so I shall confine myself () two.
3. It is argued, people think about health maintenance and illness causation in a range of different ways, and advice will only be acted upon if it is compatible () those prior beliefs. 4. She has always lived in a small village, and her mind is full of prejudices () strangers. 5. To make the figures stand (), paint them in lighter colours. 6. In learning a technique, be it chemistry or life itself, mastery () the methods is the only important thing. 7. He was compelled () his illness to resign. 8. He said he had fought () vain to control his bike as he hurtled () Mathers Cross, which leads the riders () the fastest section of the nine-mile long circuit. 9. If you are hoping to start a family soon and have already investigated the financial aspects, you will know that statutory maternity pay is determined () your length of service and requires you to earn () average enough to pay Class One National Insurance Contributions. 10. I was distressed to find that I couldn't extract more than ten words from Dowayos () a stretch. 11. Could you grab hold () this box before my arms drop ()?
VI. Translate into English:
Translation 1
1. , , .
2. , .
3. , , .
4. .
5. , , - .
6. .
7. , . . .
8. , .
9. .
10. ? .
11. . .
12. .
13. . (3 )
14. - (tilt) .
15. , .
16. -, .
17. . .
18. .
Translation 2
1. , , .
2. , .
3. , , , - , .
4. .
5. .
6. .
7. .
8. . , . , .
9. . , .
10. , .
11. .
12. , .
13. .
14. .
15. , .
Translation 3
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1. , . , . , , , 20 .
2. , , , , .
3. . , , , .
4. , , . .
5. , . , .
6. , . .
7. , - .
8. .
9. .
10. .
11. , , . , .
Translation 4
