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:




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3. .




 

.

, ,

² + ² = z² (13)

. , , , , . (13) . . (x, y, z), .

, , . , . , , . . , .

, , . : , . , z . : z=2m, : x=2k+1, y = 2k + 1. ² + ² = 4(k² + k + l² + l) + 2 4, z² = 4m² 4. , , . = 2, z . z + y = 2v, z y = 2w. v w . d >1, z = v + w, y = v w, y z. , v w : y z . x² = (p² + q²)² - (p² - q²)² = 4p²q². , p q , p>q, , x = 2pq, y = p² - q², z = p² + q².

, . , (13) . : x = 2 * kpq, y=k(p² - q²), z = k(p² + q²), k .

 

 

.

. , , , 1. ² + ( + 1)² = ². (14)

3, 4, 5 . , 1 = 3, 1 = 5 (14). , : n +1 = 3xn + 2yn + 1, yn+1 = 4xn + 3yn + 2 2 = 20, 2 = 29; 3 = 119, 3 = 169; 4 = 696, 4 = 985; 5 = 4059, 5 = 5741 . .

(14) : 2( + 1) + 1 = ². ( + 1) = ². (14) . , + 1 , , + 1 - , .. = ², + 1 = v². , 1.

(13) . , . (x, y, z, t) x² + y² + z² = t². x = 2 * k1pq, y = kp2 q2, z = k(q² - p1² - p2²), t = k(q² + p1² + p2²), k, q, p1, p2 q²> p1² + p2².

, , . , ² + ²=², ² + z²=v², y² + z²=w²

. , , : = 44, = 117, z = 240. , , , , ² = ² = ², ² + z² = v², y² + z² = w², x² + y² + z² = t².

 

19. ( )

13 = 2² + 3² , 13.

.

. ( ) +2, 23, , . ( + 2)² + (2 3)² = 13, = 1,6, = 3,6, = 0,2.

. = + 2, =k 3, ( + 2)² + (k 3)² = 13 =2(3k-2)/(k² + 1). =2(k²+3k1)/(k²+1), B=(3k²-4k-3)/(k²+1).

. =+2, =23, 2²+3²=13 . 2+3 3, , . k = 2 , . , , .

20. ( )

, 3 2, 5 3, 7 2.

.

- (III IV .): 3 2. 140. 5 3, 63. 7 2, 30. 233. 210 .

-. 140, 5 7, 3 2. , : 35. . 63, 3 7, 5 3. 30. , 233 = 140 +63+ 30 , n = 105l + 233. 233=2*105 + 23, n = 105k + 23, k = 0, 1, .

k = 0 , 23.

21. ( ).

, , , .

.

. , 2³ = 8, 8. ² - 1. , : , , . , , : 8 * (² - 1) + 8 = 8³.

, , , , , . , 8²*(² - 1) +² - 1 . , (2 1)³, , : 8 * (² - 1) + ² - 1 = (2² - 1)³, : = 14/13, , 8*14/13 = 112/13.

 

 





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