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VII. 4




, , , , , , . , , - , .. . , . , - , . , , , -߻ . , , .

7 . , I, , IV.II, 1 (. 710).

8 Haskins Ch.H. The Spread of ideas in the Middle Ages // Studies in Mediaeval Culture. Oxford, 1929. P. 92ff.

9 . : , III.I (. 27-38; . 67.). , , . ., , De Amore , . 10 Haskins Ch.H. . cit. P. 94.

11 . , I, , XI.

12 . : , II.

13 La Bruyère. Caracteres, Paris, De la Cour // Œuvres. 1922 Vol. II. P. 237. 64. . 99 : Dans cent ans le monde subsistera encore en son entier: ce sera le même théâtre et les mêmes décorations, ce ne seront plus les mêmes acteurs. Tout ce qui se réjouit sur une grâce reçue, ou ce qui sattriste et se désespère sur un refus, tous auront disparu de dessus la scène. Il savance déjà sur le théâtre dautres hommes qui vont jouer dans une même pièce les mêmes rôles... Quel fond à faire sur un personnage de comédie! ( : , , . , - , . , ... ? ..) , , , civilisation civilité.

Des Jugements: Tous les étrangeres ne sont pas Barbares, et tous nos Compatriotes ne sont pas civilisez. ( , . ..)

14 La Bruyère. . cit. P. 247. 94.

15 Ibid. P. 211. . : Ibid. . 211. 10: La cour est comme un édifice bâti de marbre: je veux dire quelle est composé dhommes fort durs, mais fort polis. ( : , . ..) . 6

16 St.-Simon. . cit. P. 63.

17 . , I, , III ; . 139-140.

18 Ranke L. v. Französische Geschichte. 10, Kap. 3.

19 St.-Simon. . cit. Vol. 22. P. 20-22ff. (1711). , , , . - . . XIV, , -. . , : , , . , . . , , , , . - .

20 , . , . , . , , , ; , , , .

, , . , , , . .

, - , , . . , , . , , , , , . .

21 . , I, , VIII.II (. 236.).

. (The Spectator. 1807. Vol. V. 373): If I was put to define Modesty, I would call it, The reflection of an ingenuous Mind, either when a Man has committed an Action for which he censures himself, or fancies that he is exposed to the Censure of others ( , , , , , . ..). . .

22 . , I, , IV.II. 2 (. 189.).

23 . , I, , XI (. 286.).

24 . , I, , IV.II. 1 (. 177.).

25 . . , habitus'y . , . , ( ) .

, , . . -߻ , , , , conscientious objector . - , . , , , . , , , ; , , , . , , , , .

26 . , I: , I.IV (. 71.); , III (. 136.); . 1 III (. 145148).

. : Loewe A. The Price of Liberty. L. P. 31. : The educated German of the classical and post-classical period is a dual being. In public life he stands in the place which authority has decreed for him, and fills it in the double capacity of superior and subordinate with complete devotion to duty. In private life he may be a critical intellectual or an emotional romantic... This educational system has come to grief in the attempt to achieve a fusion of the bureaucratic and humanist ideals. It has in reality created the introverted specialist, unsurpassed in abstract speculation and in formal organization, but incapable of shaping a real world out of his theoretical ideas. The English educational ideal does not know this cleavage between the world within and the world without.... ( . , , . ... . -, , . .... ..)

27 . : , III.I (. 2738; . 67.).

28 . , . 99. . 103 .

, . , . , , , - , , , , , . , , . - , , , . , , , . , , (. , , III.I, . 41-54, 60-67). , .. , , , .

, . - , ; , . , , , . , , .. , . . , , . , .

. , , ero ; . , . , , . , , , , .

, . , - . . , , . , . . , . , . , , , , .

, . , , . , , . . , , . , ( , , ), : , , . , . , ; , . , , , . . , . .

29 . , . 154156. : Macleod W.C. The Origin and History of Politics. P. 139ff.

30 . , . 106 .

31 . , , V; . 279.

32 . , . 242-243, . 260-261, . 297.

33 . , . 259., 267., 270272, 292., , VI. . : Parsons E. . Fear and Conventionality. (. XIII): Conventionality rests upon an apprehensive state of mind... ( .... ..), (.73): Table manners are, I suppose, one of our most marked class distinctios ( , , . ..). . (James W. Principles of Psychology. N.Y., 1890. P.121): Habit is the enormous fly-wheel of society, its most precious conservative agent. It alone is what keeps us all within the bounds of ordinance, and saves the children of fortune from the envious uprisings of the poor. It alone prevents the hardest and most repulsive walks of life from being deserted by those brought up to tread therein. ( , . , . , . ..).

, , . ., , (Sumner W.G. Folkways. Boston, 1907. P. 418): When, therefore, the ethnographers apply condemnatory or depreciatory adjectives to the people whom they study, they beg the most important question which we want to invesigate: that is, what are standards, codes, and ideas of chastity, decency, propriety, modesty etc. and whence do they arise? The ethnographical facts contain the answer to this question, but in order to reach it we want a colorless report of the facts. (, , , : , , , , , .. ? , , . ..) , , .

(Judd Ch.H. The Psychology of Social Institutions. N.Y., 1926. P. 276) , : This chapter will aim to prove that the types of personal emotions which are known to be civilized men are products of an evolution in which emotions have taken a new direction... The instruments and means of this adaptation are the institutions, some of which have been described in foregoing chapters. Each institution as it has become established has developed in all individuals who come under its influence a mode of behavior and emotional attitude which conform to the institution. The new mode of behavior and the new emotional attitude could not have been perfected until the institution itself was created. The effort of individuals to adapt themselves to institutional demands results in what may be properly described as a wholly new group of pleasures and displeasures. ( , , ... , . . , .

, , , . ..).





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