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, . . . .

, . , , , . , .

, - . , , . , , , .

. . , . (NPV) .

1. , . , .. , .

2. .

3. , .. , .

4. , ( , ), .

.

i . , (inflation-adjusted cash flow), t. .

:

(NPV) ( , ):

, ( , , ..) ( , , ). .

, . :

, ;

- ;

.

. , , . . , 100 . . 2 , 36% . 400/1,36 + 400 /1,362 = 510,38 . .

, . . , , , .

n - . n = 4. 1,36 1,0799, 7,99%.

8- 100 . . . 8% . . 2 2 , PV = 100 . (5,7466) = 574,66 . . .

( ) . : 1) ( t = 0); 2) ; 3) . (NPV) . NPV . NPV . 8. .

, , . . (, ) .

. , , . . , .

, . ( ) . , . .

. , .

( , NPV) . . .

(IRR) , . . , .

, NPV IRR . . IRR , NPV. IRR , IRR.

( , , ) ( , ) , . , , - (economic value added EVA). EVA NPV. MVA = ∑PV(EVA) = NPV, " " .

. .

1. : =-1, 1=2,3, 2=-1,32. ( ) 15%? , IRR.

-1 (1 + r)2 + 2,3 (1 + r) - 1,32 = 0?

NPV . : , = 10%, 2 = 20%. , , (IRR). , . ( ) 10 20%. 15% .

2. . , NPV . ?

, . : ; . , ( ) NPV . , : 1) ; 2) ; 3) , . , .

3. 100 . . . 1 200 . 2. , 35 . . ., 190 . . . 1 150 . 2. . 12%.

1. , , . ?

2. . 35 . 42 . . . . ?

1. :

     
-35   -50

 

, NPV . 12% NPV= 35 + 90/1,121 - 50/1,122 = 5,4974 . . . NPV , . , NPV = 0.

-18,81% 75,95%. NPV(k). k = 0 NPV= 5. 0 75,94% .

2. :

     
-42   -50

 

NPV= -1,503. . ( , NPV).

4. , :

  -17 -17 11 ( )

 

. , 14%.

:

 
  1- 2- 1- 2-
       
(17/2) 8,5 8,5 8,5 8,5
0,5 2,5 2,5 0,5
: ( + )/2 12,75 4,25 12,75 4,25
0,03 0,58 0,19 0,11
0,3 0,15

 

. . .

5. , (), 30 . . . , . , , 120 . . . 10%.

1. , (, )?

2. ?

3. , 400 . .?

1. : 30/0,1 = 300 . . , 300 . . NPV = -120 + X/0,1. , -120 + X/0,1 > 300, > 42 . . 42 . ., .

2. . ( ). ( ). X .

3. 400 . .,

-120 + X/0,1 >400, >52.

6. , 10 . . . ( ). , 5 .

, ? , , 10%.

, 5- 10 . . . , 2 . . . , ( . . .) : 10; 2; 2; 2 .

, NPV> 0. , (10 + PV 10%) > 0 PV > 10.

2 PVIFA (10%, ) > 10. PVIFA (10%, X ) > 5. . . 10% , PVIFA (10%, 8 ) > 5 8.

., . : 2 .: . . .: , 1997. . 1. . 208238, 260-263.

... : . . .: , 1997. . 339379.

. . : . . .: -, 1997. . 7795.

., . . .: : , 1997.

., . . // . 1997. 11. . 4649; 12. . 50 53.

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