.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


2




4.2 , %

2 4 24 2 N2 2O 12,4(0,9641=11,95 27,5(0,9641=26,51 0,5(0,9641=0,48 - 2,4(0,9641=2,31 57,2(0,9641=55,15 0,1242(30(0,9641=3,6 4,2(0,9437=3,96 6,4(0,9437=6,04 27,5(0,9437=25,95 1,8(0,9437=1,70 52,3(0,9437=49,36 7,8(0,9437=7,36 0,1242(48(0,9437=5,63
S 100,00 100,00

! 100,00%, , .. .

 

4.1.2 :

 

=0,01(12,7×+35,7×4+59×24+10,8×2), /3. (4.2)

()=0,01(12,7×26,51+35,7×0,48+10,8×2,31) =3,79;

()=0,01(12,7×6,04+35,7×25,95+59×1,7+10,8×49,36) =16,38.

 

4.1.3

 

:

 

,

 

( ) :

 

.

 

: (1 − X) = 1-0,802 = 0,198.

, %:

 

=26,51×0,802+6,04×0,198=22,46;

CH4 = 0,48×0,802 + 25,95×0,198 = 5,52;

C2H4 = 1,7×0,198 = 0,34;

H2 =2,31×0,802 + 49,36×0,198 = 11,62;

N2 = 55,15×0,802 + 7,36×0,198 = 45,69;

H2O = 3,6×0,802 + 5,63×0,198 = 4;

CO2 = 11,95×0,802 + 3,96×0,198 = 10,37.

Σ = 100,00%.

 

4.1.4 (4.2)

 

=0,01(12,7×+35,7×4+59×24+10,8×2) =

=0,01(12,7×22,46+35,7×5,52+59×0,34+10,8×11,62) =6,28 /3.

 

1,0%.

 

, .

 

4.1.5 :

 

,/3 (4.3)

 

Mi − , /;

ri , %;

22,4 − , 1 , 3/.

 

=(2×%2+28×%+16×%4+28×%24+44×%2+28×%N2+18×%2+32×%2)/

/(22,4100)=

=(2×11,62+28×22,46+16×5,52+28×0,34+44×10,37+28×45,69+18×4)/2240=1,142 /3.

 

4.1.6

 

( ) 25% 75% . =20, d=18,9 /3.

.

 

, %:

 

=25×0,9771=24,43; =75×0,9771=73,28; 2=0,1242×18,9×0,9771=2,29.

Σ=100,00%.

 

(4.3)

 

.

 

4.1.7 1 3 :

 

( a=1)

 

=

.

 

− L=a×L0 =1,2×1,191=1,429 3 /3 .

 

4.1.8 , 1 3

 

.

=0,01(10,37+22,46+5,52+2(0,34)=0,391;

V =0,391+0,306+0,058+1,504=2,259 3 /3 .

 

4.1.9 , %

 

 

S100,00%.

 

(4.3)

 

.

 

4.1.10

 

: m+m=mDm.

: .

( 1 3 ): =1×1,142=1,142 .

: =1,429×1,283=1,834 .

: m +m=1,142+1,834=2,976 .

=2,259×1,318=2,976 .

=2,976−(1,142+1,834)=0.

, . , .

 

4.1.11

 

, , , :

 

,

,

 

− , , /3 ;

− 0 , /(3×).

,

 

i − , /3. t [ ]

 

/3, (4.4)

 

, % (. 4.1.3).

=550 (4.4)

 

=0,01(733,745,69+74322,46+719,711,62+1110,210,37+882,64+1213,15,52+1624,10,34)=

=808,61 /3 .

=1×808,61=808,61 /3 .

.

t=650 [ ]

 

=

=0,01(927,2×24,43+875,3×73,28+1059,3×2,29) =892,16 /3 .

 

=1,429×892,16=1274,9 /3 .

 

 

/3 .

 

i I−t [ ]. =2100.

=2100:

=0,01(3305,9×2,58+3130,1×66,59+5116,3×17,28+4167,5×13,55) =3618,4 /3.

 

(3618,4<3702,3), =2150:

 

=0,01(3393,8×2,58+3209,2×66,59+5252,4×17,28+4286,0×13,55) =3712,9 /3.

(3712,9>3702,3), :

 

= 2144.

 

4.1.12

 

, :

, (4.5)

 

, /3;

. =0.

t=1250 [ ]:

 

=0,01(1884,3×2,58+1774,5×66,59+2847,7×17,28+2238,1×13,55) =2025,55 /3.

 

:

=2,259×2025,55=4575,72 /3 .

(4.5), :

,

.. 60,3 % , .

4.3, .

4.3 -

/ ,
  :    
1. ,/3 6,28
2. a 1,2
3. 2  
4. t,  
5. t,  
6. t,  
  :    
7. L0, L, 3/3 1,191; 1,429
8. V, 3/3 2,259
9. : 2, % 17,28
    2, % 13,55
    2, % 2,58
    N2, % 66,59
10. Dm/m, %  
11. t,  
12. h 0,603

 

4.2

 

4.2.1

 

t [ ]. ( 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 12).

, : = const q = const t = const.

. . b:< 1,3, .

:

I - (q = const),

II (t = const).

,

 

b , ( , 3). .

, :

 

Dt=(120150)×R,

 

e 120...150/ .

Dt 0 5 . , 3835, 3430.

4 : l=f(t), i=f(t), r=f(t), (2) (3) [ ],

λ , /( ); [ ];

i - , /, [ ];

r − , /3, [ ].

l=f(t), i=f(t), r=f(t), (2) (3) . : − 20, 20. ( ) . 3 . . . , . 1 − 20 . : 2 3 ³ . : . 1 − 2 3 ³ . ³ = 0...10. , , ( .2).

 

4.2.2

 

:

 

,

 

t=t − Dt.

, /(2 ):

 

.

. 7 .

(): .

, =f(). .1.

:

, /2.

( II t=const) -:

.

,

 

 

,

 

a., .

 

4.2.3

= const ( ) :

= =(0,4...0,6)×qmax,

.

 

t 12 .

t. :

 

.

,

 

4.2.4 I

 

:

 

.

,

 

:

, (4.6)

 

Dt1 − :

 

. (4.7)

 

−100, , (4.7), (4.6), , , 10. 2 3 2.

: . 4.4.

4.4 −

, /(×) , ,
       
       
     

 

I .

.. ( ):

, (.)

 

r , /3 ( );

, 2;

i = f(t) .

 

4.2.5 II

 

II t = const ( III ). II :

 

II : ; II : ,

 

:

 

.

 

II t = const.

 

:

;

: . .

.

: .

:

 

; ( ).

, .

 

, 10.





:


: 2016-11-18; !; : 285 |


:

:

.
==> ...

1578 - | 1554 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.107 .