.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


Read and learn the following words. Translate the examples.




. ., . .

 

 

CLASSIFICATION AND PRODUCTION OF METALS

2

,

 

 
 

 


 

 


669:802.0

34.431+81.2

54

 

:

 

. . , . . , . ;

 

.., . .

54: Classification and production of metals: . . 2 , /

.. , . . : - , 2013. 40.

 

. , , , , , , .

, , , . , .

 

- .

, 2013


LESSON 1

METALS AND MEN

Read and learn the following words. Translate the examples.

century , (= age)

e.g. The 19-th century was the century of steam energy, the 20-th century is called the age of atomic energy.

metal

metallic

to conquer ,

to create ,

useful

machine , ,

mechanism

e.g. Metals helped men to conquer nature, to create useful machines and mechanisms.

to find (found, found) ,

wide

application (= use)

to possess (= to have) , ,

property

e.g. Metals find wide application because they possess a lot of useful properties.

to combine

strong ( )

strength

plastic

plasticity

e.g. Metals combine high strength and plasticity.

brittle ;

brittleness

stone

e.g. Stone is strong but brittle.

rubber ,

e.g. Rubber is plastic, but not strong.

iron

copper

tin

lead

mercury

gold

silver

antimony

e.g. Ancient Romans knew only 8 metals: gold, silver, copper, tin, lead, mercury, antimony, iron.

to exclude

because ,

because of -

ductile

ductility (= forgeability)

e.g. The great Russian scientist Lomonosov excluded antimony and mercury from the list of metals because of their bad ductility.

characteristic

definition

to define

significance (= importance) ,

to comprise ,

luster

e.g. The first scientific definition given by M.V. Lomonosov comprises the two main characteristics of a metal: plasticity and metals luster.

element ()

to discover

Mendeleyev's Periodic Table

e.g. Mendeleyev's Periodic Tablewas discovered in 1869.

conductivity

electrical conductivity

heat conductivity

e.g. Metal also possess high electrical conductivity and heat conductivity.

to rise (= to increase) ,

to decrease

e.g. Electrical conductivity rises with the decrease of temperature.

engineering

pure metal

substance

alloy

compound ,

to consist of

e.g. Pure metals are seldom used in engineering. Most often metals are used in the form of alloys.

Alloy is a compound consisting of some elements. An alloy may consist of two or more metals.

 





:


: 2016-11-18; !; : 583 |


:

:

, .
==> ...

1756 - | 1572 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.009 .