| Key C=Cortina | ||
|
| F=Fiesta | |
| J = Jaguar | |||
Cortina Driver: 1. He didnt use his headlights. Thats why I didnt see him.
2. I didnt see him. Thats why I pulled out.
Fiesta Driver: 3. He didnt look carefully. Thats why he didnt see me.
4. He pulled out in front of me. Thats why I had to brake suddenly.
5. The Jaguar was so close behind me. Thats why the driver wasnt able to stop.
Jaguar Driver: 6. The driver in front braked suddenly. Thats why I hit him.
7. I wanted to overtake him. Thats why I was so close behind him.
8. He was such a slow driver. Thats why I wanted to overtake him.
These are the statements the drivers made to the police. (Dont forget that some of them are negative.)
Cortina Driver:1. If hed used his headlights, I would have seen him.
2. _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Fiesta Driver: 3. _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Jaguar Driver: 6. _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
7. _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
8. _____________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
Speaking Practice
Everyday English
1. Shall we take a tram?
2. The tram will take us right there.
3. It takes the tram so long to come.
4. How long does it take you to get there by tram?
5. What tram do I take to reach the stadium?
6. We soon got tired of going by tram.
7. Can you tell me if there is a tram from the station to the hotel?
8. Here comes our tram!
9. Does the tram run to the suburbs?
10. The tram is packed full.
A. Double drill.
Student A translates the sentences into Ukrainian.
Student B renders them again into English.
B. Discussion.
Work with a partner. Why do people usually get tired of going by tram?
C. Make up a story of your own describing the tram being derailed.
UNIT SIX. TROLLEYBUSSES
Pre-reading Activity
ü If you had a choice of travelling around the city would you prefer a trolleybus to a tram? Why? Why not?
ü Have the trolleybuses been in service in your city for a long time?
ü What parts of Kharkiv can a trolleybus take you to?
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|
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Make sure you know these words:
CIS (Commonwealth of Independent States)
steering wheel
booster
steer ()
diminish
alloy
1. Read the Text ***
Trolleybuses
The first trolleybuses appeared in 1933, and three years later they appeared in Petersburg, Kiev, Rostov-on-the-Don and Tbilisy. Trolleybuses were functioning in 91 cities by the end of 1968.
Today CIS holds the first place in the world for the development of trolleybus transport.
In 1936 trolleybuses were equipped with a pneumatic system for opening and shutting doors. Two years later the driver got an isolated cabin, the interior of the cabin was improved, and the speed increased. A year later trolleybuses raised their dynamic qualities.
For the first time in 1960 the production was started of paired (linked) trolleybuses, which transported up to 160 passengers. Work on improving the trolleybuses continued.
In 1972 a new model of a trolleybus, having a number of advantages was released. The steering (driving) wheel, equipped with a hydraulic booster, made it easier to steer (drive) the bus. Technological innovations made it possible to cut down the number of breaks in contact lines. It was featured by a greater speed, better dynamic qualities and greater maneuverability. For the convenience of the passengers the model had three doors, and it did not diminish the seating capacity of a trolleybus.
Trolleybuses of today have an all-metal streamed body, an automatic control system, an improved finishing in the passenger saloon, good natural and artificial lighting, a system of ventilation which provides heating in winter, a greater passenger capacity.
The widespread employment of trolleybuses is decreasing air pollution. The trolleybuses must be made with fuller use of light alloys and plastics. The trolleybuses
will become still more efficient and comfortable.
Trolleybuses of today have
2. Reading Comprehension
A. 1. How long have the trolleybuses been in service?
2. What makes the trolleybus convenient for the passengers?
3. What problems (if any) do trolleybuses contribute to the environment?
B. Fill in the chart below with the information from the text:
1933________________________________________________________________
1936________________________________________________________________
1960________________________________________________________________
1968________________________________________________________________
1972________________________________________________________________
Today_______________________________________________________________
Vocabulary Focus
A. Match the words on the left with the words on the right.
1. trolleybuses a. cabin
2. pneumatic b. qualities
3. isolated c. system
4. dynamic d. maneuverability
5. greater e. capacity
6. seating f. transport
