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(CaCl2/NaCl).




1. ( /).

(/) = Pom 1,295

(/) = 3,0 1,295 = 3,89

2. CaCl2 /.

CaCl2 = 2,774

CaCl2 = 2,774 33 600 = 93 206 /

3. ( /) CaCl2.

aCl2(/) = 0,000971

aCl2(/) = 0,000971 33 600 = 32,6 /

4. -, CaCl2, Cl- 1 .

lCaCl2 = 1,77

lCaCl2 = 1,77 33 600 = 59 472 /

5. lCaCl2 l, , CaCl2, . lCaCl , l, , CaCl2 NaCl ( , ). .

6. -, NaCl Cl- NaCl 1 .

ClNaCl = Cl - ClCaCl2

ClNaCl = 100 000 59 472 = 40 528 /

7. NaCl NaCl 1 .

NaCl = 1,65 ClNaCl

NaCl = 1,65 40 528 = 66 871

8. NaCl /.

NaCl/. = 0,00035(NaCl)

NaCl/. = 0,00035 66 871 = 23,4 /

9. CaCl2 (%CaCl2).

 

%CaCl2 =

 

%aCl2 = = 22,73%

 

10. NaCl (%NaCl).

 

%NaCl =

 

%NaCl = = 16,31%

11. NaCl CaCl2, NaCl (NaClmax).

NaClmax = 26,432 1,0472(%CaCl2) + 7,98191 10-3(%CaCl2) +

+ 5,2238 10-5(%CaCl2)3

NaClmax = 26,432 1,0472 22,73 + 7,98191 10-3 22,732 + 5,2238 10-5 22,732 = 7,37

NaCl (NaClmax) 11 , NaCl 10, 9 10 , .. NaCl.

12. NaClmax :

 

=

 

= 7,37 / 16,31 = 0,4519

 

13. NaClmax = NaClmax

NaClmax = 66 871 0,4519 = 30 219 /.

14. NaClmax , 9 10.

 

%CaCl2 = = 24,96 %

 

%NaCl = = 8,09 %

15. %CaCl2 %NaCl, NaClmax ( 11).

 

NaClmax = 26,432 1,0472 24,96 + 7,98191 10-3 24,962 + 5,2238 10-5 24,963 = 6,08

 

16. ( 12).

= 6,08 / 8,09 = 0,7515

17. ( 11 - 16) , 0,95.

NaCl = NaCl

NaCl = 30 219 0,7515 = 22 710 /

 

%CaCl2 = = 25,47 %

 

%NaCl = = 6,21 %

 

NaClmax = 26,432 1,0472 25,47 + 7,98191 10-3 25,472 + 5,2238 10-5 25,473 = 5,80

= 5,80 / 6,21 = 0,934

 

NaCl = 22 710 0,934 = 21 211 /

 

%CaCl2 = = 25,58 %

 

%NaCl = = 5,82 %

 

NaClmax = 26,432 1,0472 25,58 + 7,98191 10-3 25,582 + 5,2238 10-5 25,583 = 5,74

 

= 5,74 / 5,82 = 0,986

18. CaCl2 (ppm).

CaCl2(ppm) = 10 000 %CaCl2

CaCl2(ppm) = 10 000 25,58 = 255 800

 

19. NaCl (ppm).

NaCl(ppm) = 10 000 %NaCl

NaCl(ppm) = 10 000 5,82 = 58 200

 

20. (γ), .

γ = 0,99707 + 0,006504 (NaCl) + 0,007923 (CaCl2) + 0,00008334(NaCl)(CaCl2) + 0,00004395(NaCl)2+ 0,00004964(CaCl2)2

γ = 0,99707 + 0,006504 (5,82) + 0,007923 (25,58) + 0,00008334 (5,82)(25,58) + 0,00004395 (5,82)2 + 0,00004964(25,58)2.

γ = 1,28 /3

 

21. CaCl2 /.

CaCl2(/) = 10 000 (CaCl)(γ)

CaCl2(/) = 10 000 (25,58)(1,28) = 327 424 /

 

22. NaCl /.

NaCl(/) = 10 000 (NaCl)(γ)

NaCl(/) = 10 000 (5,82)(1,28) = 74 496 /.

 

D)

.

 

 

1. .

2. .

3. .

4. ( ).

5. .

6. (1/4 1 ).

7. 10 , .

8. 2- / /.

. 420 (C6H8O7H2O) 1 000 .

b. 25 Dowell W-35 Fann Instrument .

. 200 .

9. : (CAS # 111-87-5).

10. 25 .

11. : 2 , . N2O !

12. 16- (15,2 ) .

 

1. .

2. . ½ 1 . .

3. 1, .

4. .

5. 1 20 2- / /.

6. 1 10 ().

7. , , . , , . .

8. . .

9. , .

10. , .

11. . 3. !

12. 0,5 , .

13. . , .

14. 10 15 . , 1 . .

15. . , . , .

16. , , . .

17. (. . 6) 1 . , . 1 .

18. . . 200 400 / ( ).

19. . ( , ) , . . 15 , .

20. . . (, ), . . . , .

 

(/) =

 





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