1. () () .
= u v, dy = du dv.
2. :
= u * v, dy = vdu + udv.
3. :
y =u/v, dy =(vdu udv)/v2
4. .
d(Cy) = Cdy
, , , . : (υ = S`t = dS / dt). , tg α = ' . : , , tg α . . .
: 1x=54 dy = 5x4dx. = F(x). .
- , , .
, .
F(x) + , f(x), :
∫f(x)dx
∫f(x)dx = F(x) + C, F'x = f(x)
f(x) -
f(x) dx - .
, , .
1. .
d∫f (x)dx = f (x)dx.
.
2. , .
∫dF(x) = F(x) + C
3. .
∫αf (x)dx = α∫f(x)dx,α = const
4. .
∫ [f1(x)f2(x)+..]dx = ∫f1(x)dx ∫f2(x)dx ..
, , .
1.∫xn dx = xn+1/n+1+C, n ≠ -1
2. ∫dx/x = lnx + C
3. ∫ex dx = ex+C
4. ∫sinxdx = - cosx + C
5. ∫cosxdx = sinx + C
6. ∫dx/cos2x = tgx +C
7. ∫dx/sin2x = -ctgx + C
1. .
: ∫ (x + l)(x - 2)dx = ∫ (x2-x-2)dx = ∫x2dx - ∫xdx - ∫2xdx = ∫(x3/3 +C1) (x2/2 + C2) - (2x + C3) = x3/3 x2/2 -2x + C, = , - 2 - 3.
2. ( ).
: ∫e3xdx = 1/3∫ezdz = 1/3ez + C = 1/3e3x + C.
: = z.
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: dz = 3dx.
dx dz: dx = dz/3
z .
3. .
∫udv = u * v - ∫vdu(l)
, Judv ∫vdu, , , .
: ∫lnxdx, u = lnx, dv = dx, :
du = dx/x v =x
(1), :
∫lnxdx = xlnx - ∫x(dx/x) = xlnx - ∫dx = xlnx - x + C = x(lnx-l) + C.
: .
= (υt υ0)/ t, υt = υ0 + at, υt = dS/dt, dS = υtdt, dS = (υ0 =at)dt.
.
∫dS = ∫ (υ0 +at)dt = ∫dS = υ0 ∫dt + a∫tdt, S = υ0t + at2/2 + C.
t = 0, S = 0 =0, S = υ0t + at2/2
: S , = , = b, (=0) = f(x). [ab] . . , ∆xi, . f(xi). :
S = f(x1)∆x1 +f(x2)∆x2+...+ f(xn)∆xn = ∑f(xi)∆xi
, [ab] . ∆xi → 0. , :
S. = lim∆x→0∑f(xi)∆xi,
∑f(xi)∆xi - .
: f(x) = = b , J, ∆ → 0.
:
J = lim∆x→0∑f(xi)∆xi
[ab] - , - , b - .
: S = ∫f (x)dx.
- :
.
∫f(x)dx=F(x)|ba = F(b) - F(a).
1. .
∫ba f(x)dx = -∫ba (x)dx.p
2. .
∫ba Cf(x)dx = C∫ba f(x)dx.
3. .
∫ba [f1 (x) f2(x) ... fn(x)]dx = ∫ba fl(x)dx ∫ba f2(x)dx ... ∫ba fn(x)dx.
4. f(x) [ab] , .
-∫ba f(x)dx
5. f(x) , : f(x), .
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∫ba f (x)dx = ∫ca f (x)dx ∫bc f (x)dx.
:
1. , . . .
2. .
: ∫10 (l x)1/2dx = -∫01 z1/2dz = -2/3z3/2|01 = 2/3
z = 1 - , dx = -dz
: , = 2 1 2.
S= ∫21 x2dx = x3/3│21 = 23/3 13/3 =8/3 1/3 = 7/3 ..