. .
. , , , .
, , , , , , .
, , , . , 0 1 .
. .. , .
: . , . 1, 0. , , . . , .
(. 4.1). , ( ) .
4.1 4.2
n (zi) , zi.
z l .
. , .
(. 4.2). 2,80. , . q > 2 .
.. (. 4.3).
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4.3
. . , . , , , . , , .
, , . . , 1, , 1, 0. , (. 11).
. 11.
, , :
z 1 z 2 z 3 z 4 z 5 z 6 z 7 z 8
01 00 111 110 100 1011 10101 10100
4.2.
(k = 1), 1 0 , 2 0 1 . (). , . , . , , , . 4.4.
4.4
, 2. . , q . :
, , . - (, a 18 , . . a 18=1). , , a 18, . . . , , , , . ( a 18) , .
.
( 8, 6).
. :
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k 1=0; k 2=1; k 3=0; k 4=0; k 5=0.
:
k 6=0; k 7=1; k 8=0; k 9=0; k 10=0; k 11=0; k 12=0.
, . , , , .
:
, , .
, . , , . .
, , m k . k k . k . , 0, , 1. , , , . . n = (m + k +1) . ,
2 k (m + k +1).
m k :
n........ 1 2 3 4 815 1631 3263 64
m....... 0 0 1 1 411 1126 2657 57
k........ 1 2 2 3 44 55 66 7
, k . , . 1, , , . , , , , 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 . ., 2, 3,6,7,10.
1 1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15...
2 2,3,6,7, 10, 11, 14, 15, 18, 19,22,23..,
3 4, 5, 6, 7, 12, 13, 14, 15, 20, 21, 22, 23...
4 8,9, 10, 11, 12, 13,14, 15,24...
, , . 1, 2, 4, 8,... , .
4.5 .
4.5
4.5, n =7, m =4, k =3 1, 2, 4.
. , . , , 48 , () . , .
. =0,111000 , .
. :
k 1=1; k 2=0; k 3=1.
, 5.
: = 0,111100.
, . .
.
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, p p:
A B (mod p). (4.1)
(4.1).
= + 1. (4.2)
:
1. . 1 B 1(mod p); 2 B 2(mod p); ; n Bn (mod p), 1+ 2++ n = 1+ 2++ n (mod p).
, , - , , , . . A + B C (mod p) A B (mod ).
2. , , : (mod ); B (mod ), C (mod ).
3. . 1 B 1(mod p); 2 B 2(mod p). (4.2) 1= 1+11 ; 2= 2+12 .
1 2= 1 2+ 112 + 211 + 1112 pp. : 1 2= 1 2+ Np,
1 2 3... m 1 2 3... m (mod p).
3 , .
B (mod p); = K (mod p). BK (mod p).
4. :
= + 1 p; Am = m + m 1 p, . . Am = Bm (mod m p).
5. . (mod ), = ad, = bd, = p 1 d. = + 1 p.
, ,
ad = bd + 1 p 1 d.
d, = b + 1 1, .. = b (mod 1).
6. . = B (mod p), An = Bn (mod p).
6 , n - .
.
: .
. p:
rA = { / } ,
{} ; .
; = q (q , ) , ; = qm , m < n, m .
, . (, ..). , A r (mod ); = r (mod ), 0 r 1; 0 r 1, + r + r (mod ).
r + r + r (mod ).
:
r - r r (mod ).
r r r (mod ).
. =125 =89 , , = 11.
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. :
r = 125{125/11}11 = 4; r = 89{89/11}11 = 1.
:
+ = 214, r + =214 {214/11}11=5;
= 36, r - = 36 {36/11}11 = 3.
:
r + = 4 +1 5(mod 11); r - = 4 1 3(mod 11).
: r = 4; r = 1; r + = 5; r - = 3.
. :
.
: 1) ; 2) p.
, i < , .
. = 153 = 41, , =11.
. . : = 9; = 5.
, r = 9; r = 5.
:
= + = 194; =14; r = 3(mod 11);
D = A = 112; =4; r D = 4(mod 11);
: r = 9; r = 5; r + = 3; r - = 4.
, - () . .
,,.
r .
, , r . r ?
i , ai, bi . q , .. q 1 .
, (4.3)
l , .
r (mod p); r (mod p), r (mod p).
(4.3),
r [ r + r l (q 1) ] (mod p), (4.4)
, =
r [ r r + s(q -1) ] (mod p), (4.5)
s .
. = 589 = 195, , =11.
. . , .. :
,,
,.
(4.4) l = 2:
.
, , , .
(4.5) s = 1:
.
: r = 0; r = 4; r + = 8; r - = 5.