Грамматика: Степени сравнения прилагательных
Текст: Engineering as a profession
1. Прочтите вслух следующие слова:
– d i verse, des i gn, dev i ce, f i bre, desp i te, d i versity, div i de, h igh, anal y se, optim i zing, amplif y ing, b i nary, t i ming, t i ny, t y pe, k i nd, h y draulics, thermod y namics, bl i nd
– applic a tion, st a te, l a ser, r a dar, d a ta, st a tion, oper a tion, en a ble, integr a tion, gener a te, indic a tion, unab a ted, demodul a ting, telecommunic a tion, cre a ting, autom a ted, rel a ted, cre a tion, sophistic a ted, tr a ined, alter a tion, s a fety, oper a tor
– e lectr i cal, e lectron i c, d e velopment, circ ui t, s y stem, ab i l i ty, d i str i bution, s i gn i f i cant, spec i f i c, d i g i tal, s i l i con, l i thograph y, d i mensional, m i l i tary, per i pheral, b u ild, i nd i v i dual, e l i m i nate
– s u bject, am o ng, supercond u ctor, introd u ction, u nprecedented, rec o ver, ind u ctor, b u lky, o ther, u ltraclean, c u rrent, str u cture, p u mp, bec o me, c o ver, cut o ff
– cir c uit, roboti c s, specifi c, syn ch ronization, va c uum, pa ck age, in c reasing, me ch anical, me ch anism, me ch anics, a c cidental, a c cident, te ch nology
– con c ern, c ircuit, sin c e, redu c ing, c entral, efficien c y, frequen c y, pro c essing, re c eive, unpre c edented, spe c ific, capa c itor, s c ien c e, pro c essor, c ertain, ac c ident, pro c edure
– en g ineering, lar g est, sub j ect, ima g ing, g enerating, volta g e, g eneration, ad j usting, di g ital, passen g er, intelli g ent, intelli g ence, lan g ua g e, g enerally, en g ine, ener g y, metallur g y, proce du re, su gg esting, dan g erous
– ma ch inery, propor ti onately, effi ci ency, effi ci ently, mi ss ion, ch assis, ma ch ine, spe ci ality
2. Прочтите следующие слова, обращая внимание на ударение:
design [ ], variable [ ], frequency [ ], explosive [ ], chassis [ ], semiconductive [ ], lithography [ ], micro-manipulator [ ], ion-beam [ ], exotic [ ], peripheral [ ], artificial [ ], sophisticated [ ], micro-miniaturization [ ], variety [ ], pneumatics [ ], typical [ ], agricultural [ ], hazardous [ ].
3. Запомните следующие слова и словосочетания:
engineering - техника; инженерное искусство; машиностроение
electrical engineering - электротехника
electronics engineering - электронная техника
diverse - иной, отличный; разнообразный, разный
circuit - цепь, контур
superconductor - сверхпроводник
robotics - робототехника
consumer - потребитель
fibre - волокно
direct current - постоянный ток
alternating current - переменный ток
mode - режим
transmission - передача
device - устройство, приспособление; механизм, аппарат, прибор
amplify - усиливать
error - ошибка; отклонение, погрешность
prior to - раньше, прежде, до
capacitor - конденсатор
vacuum tube - электронная лампа
wire - провод
silicon - кремний
environment - окружающая среда, окружение
memory - память
artificial intelligence - искусственный ум (интеллект)
sophisticated - сложный
current - текущий, современный
safety - безопасность
prevention of accidents - техника безопасности
alteration - изменение; переделка
accident - несчастный случай; авария
accidental - случайный, нечаянный
cutoff - выключение
eliminate - устранять, исключать
hazard - риск, опасность
4. Подберите из правой колонки правильный перевод английских слов и словосочетаний:
| 1) electrical engineering 2) field of engineering 3) electric power 4) circuit 5) high voltage 6) direct current 7) alternating current 8) in operation 9) unabated 10) specific tasks 11) binary number 12) resistor 13) inductor 14) artificial intelligence 15) rate of growth | 1) электроэнергия 2) в действии 3) искусственный интеллект 4) постоянный ток 5) двоичное число 6) индуктор, катушка индуктивности 7) особые задачи 8) резистор, катушка сопротивления 9) высокое электрическое напряжение 10) переменный ток 11) неуменьшенный 12) темп роста 13) цепь, контур 14) электротехника 15) область техники |
5. Переведите на русский язык следующие сочетания слов без словаря:
field of engineering, is concerned with, electric power, since the late 1970s, high voltage, power losses, deals with, binary numbers, prior to the 1960s, a bulky package, semiconductive material, fire-control systems, steam turbine, the prevention of accidents, hazardous occupations, within reach.
6. Определите значение интернациональных слов:
electrical and electronics engineering, signal, machinery, control system, medical imaging system, laser, radar, fibre optics, communications, computer, extremely proportionately, analyse, central station, electronically, unprecedented, radio signals, information, synchronization, telecommunications, inductor, chassis, electronics revolution, semiconductive material, advanced technology, electron -beam lithography, micro-manipulator, integrated, circuit, lift, exotic, course, extensively, automated manufacturing, peripheral devices, machine language, microminiaturization, circuit elements, computer operations, parallel processors, structure, mechanism, hydraulics, pneumatics, mechanics, thermodynamics, metallurgy, mechanical engineer, product, economy, efficiency, speciality, individual, methods and procedures, accidental contact, operator.
7. Определите по суффиксам, какой частью речи являются следующие слова, и переведите их:
electric – electrical – electrician – electricity; electron – electronic – electronics; machine – machinery; diverse – diversity; operate – operation – operator; extreme – extremely; proportion – proportionate – proportionately; transmit – transmitter – transmission; efficient – efficiently – efficiency; able – enable – ability; inform – informer – information; generate – generation – generative – generator; resist – resistance – resistant – resistless; engine – engineer – engineering; metallurgy – metallurgist – metallurgical; prevent – prevention – preventive; hazard – hazardous; alter – alteration; possible – impossible – possibility – impossibility; accident – accidental.
8. Переведите:
а) существительные с суффиксом –tion; -ssion; -sion:
application, communication, operation, generation, transmission, distribution, station, introduction, integration, information, indication, synchronization, television, telecommunications, revolution, implantation, creation, microminiaturization, prevention, alteration.
б) герундий:
generating, transmitting, distributing, using, optimizing, amplifying, adding, demodulating, manufacturing, creating, switching, keeping, increasing, heating, ventilating, designing, suggesting.
9. Переведите предложения, обращая внимание на перевод слова “engineering”:
1. Electrical and electronics engineering is the largest and most diverse field of engineering. 2. Despite its diversity, electrical engineering can be divided into four main branches: electric power and machinery, electronics, communications and control, and computers. 3. Electronic engineering deals with the research, design, integration, and application of circuits and devices used in the transmission and processing of information. 4. Computer engineering is now the most rapidly growing field. 5. The field of computer science is closely related to computer engineering.
6. One current trend in computer engineering is microminiaturization. 7. A typical example of modern mechanical engineering is the design of a car or an agricultural machine. 8. In recent years safety engineering has become a speciality adopted by individuals trained in other branches of engineering.
10. Запомните:
