1.2.1.
.
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.
1.2.
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"JUST-IN-TIME"( )
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"REQUIREMENTS / RESOURCE PLANNING"
, MRP I / MRP II - "Materials / manufacturing requirements /resource planning" ( / ), - DRP I / DRP II - "Distribution requirements / resource planning" ( / ).
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( pull push ): . , , , , , , JIT . .
MRP , , , . , MRP JIT , .
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MRP-
15 26%,
16 30%,
11 20%,
7 13%.
: Goodfellow R. Manufacturing Resource Planning
MRP-
;
MRP , MRP-;
;
, .
: Browne J. Production management systems an integrated perspective
DRP , MRP, . DRP , , . .
DRP :
- , ;
- ;
- ;
- ;
- .
ERP ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING ( )
, ERP, :
1.
2.
3.
4. ,
5.
6. , OLAP-
7.
8.
ERP- - ( ) .
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CSRP CUSTOMER SYNCHRONIZED RESOURCE PLANNING ( )
CSRP - CSRP ERP , . CSRP .
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CSRP :
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1.
2.
3.
4. .
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"LEAN PRODUCTION" ( )
"Lean Production" JIT, KANBAN MRP.
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Lean Production :
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2)
3)
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6)
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Lean Production:
JIT
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Lean Production . , TQM ( ) ISO-9000.
"RULES BASED REORDER" (ROP) ( )
, () - "reorder point" . .
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"QUICK RESPONSE" (QR) ( )
, , (retailer - ) , . , - .
QR , , , .
"CONTINUOUS REPLENISHMENT" (CR) ( )
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R :
1. .
2. .
"AUTOMATIC REPLENISHMENT" (AR) ( )
QR CR. () .
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IG . 5% . 100 . . , . , IG 22% . 10%. , , , 42%. : 5 . . = - = 100 5 = 95 . . = 95 * 0,22 = 20,9 . . 10% 20,9 * 0,1 = 2,09 . . ( .), , 95 2, 09 = 92,91 . . = 100 92,91 = 7,09 . . 42%. , , 42%. , . |
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1962 Wal Mart. , , . 1991 Wal Mart . 2000 Wal Mart . 100 . , 1,2 . , 200 . ., 6 . . . Wal Mart. 85 000 , 1,5 . . 62 3000 . , Wal Mart . , . . Wal Mart. : Wal Mart |
1.2.