Обозначают действия, совершенные с объектом (деятель не всегда указан или известен)
V (Tense Form) + be + V-en
| It is forbidden to walk on the grass. Ходить по газону запрещено. Bread is made from flower. Хлеб делают из муки. An office block was built near the school. Около школы построили офис. |
| Tense Form | Active Voice | Passive Voice (Affirmative) | Passive Voice (Interrogative) |
| Present Simple | They repair cars. | Cars are repaired | (QW) +Are cars repaired? |
| Present Continuous | They are repairing the car. | The car is being repaired. | (QW) Is the car being repaired? |
| Past Simple | They repaired the car. | The car was repaired. | (QW) Was the car repaired? |
| Past Continuous | They were repairing the car. | The car was being repaired. | (QW) Was the car being repaired? |
| Future Simple | They will repair the car. | The car will be repaired. | (QW) Will the car be repaired? |
| Present Perfect | They have repaired the car. | The car has been repaired. | (QW) Has the car been repaired? |
| Past Perfect | They had repaired the car. | The car had been repaired. | (QW) Had the car been repaired? |
| Future Perfect | They will have repaired the car. | The car will have been repaired. | (QW) Will the car have been repaired? |
NOUNS IN THE PLURAL
Множественное число существительных.
| / s / | / z / | / IZ / | IRREGULAR PLURALS |
| Book books Cat cats Toast toasts Chocolate chocolates | Dog dogs Car cars Ball balls Pen pens | Orange oranges Watch watches House houses Address addresses Bridge bridges | Man men Knife knives Mouse mice Tooth teeth Child children |
COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVES
| comparative | superlative | ||
| regular | Long Cold | longer colder | longest coldest |
| Adj. ending in ‘e’ | Large Wide | larger wider | largest widest |
| Adj. ending in vowel + ‘t’ or ‘d’ | Hot Red | hotter redder | hottest reddest |
| Adj. with 3 or more syllables | expensive important | more expensive more important | most expensive most important |
| irregular | good bad farl little much many | better worse further less more more | best worst furthest least most most |
Possesives
| Possessive case | Personal Prn. | Possessive Pronouns |
| Mary’s shoes the boys’ shoes The cat’s tail the men’s hats | I You He She It We They | my cat The cat is mine your hat The hat is yours his dog The dog is his. her dress The dress is hers. its tail - Our house The house is ours. Their dog The dog is theirs. |
