| () ( ) | ( ) | |||||||||||||||||
1. V=const; V1 = V2; dV=0
  
3.
4. ∆U = ∫CVdT = CV(T2-T1) = = U2-U1 - ( .)
∆h= ∫CPdT ≈ CP(T2-T1) = = h2-h1 - (.)
5. L . = PdV = 0. L .= ∫(-VdP) = V(P1-P2).
6. q =∆U=U2-U1= CV (T2-1) = = ∆h + V(P1-P2).
7. CV = f (T) - V > 0 8. ∆SV = CV ln ∆S = S20 - S10 R ln
| 1. P=const; α=1 / 273o
T=273+t; V=V0(1+αt)
3. -
4. ∆U = ∫CVdT = CV(T2-T1)= = U2-U1 - ( .)
∆h = ∫CPdT ≈ CP(T2-T1)= = h2 - h1 - ( .)
5. L .= ∫pdV = P(V2-V1)
L .= 0= -VdP. (L)
6. q=∆h=h2-h1=P(V2-V1)+∆U
7. : P = CV + R 8. ∆SP = CP ln
∆S = S20 - S10
| 1. T=const; PV=const
1 = 2; d = 0
2.
 
3. - -  
4. ∆U = 0 = CV∆T ∆h = 0 = CP∆T 5. L .= ∫PdV= ∫RT = RT ln L .=∫-VdP=∫-RT =RT*ln 6. q = L = L (L)
7. CT = ∞= δq /dT (dT→0) 8. ∆ST = R ln
S20 = S10; ∆ST = δq / T | 1. q=0; dq=0; PVK=const;
2. k=CP/CV=f(T) k=const
 
 ; 
4. ∆U = ∫CVdT ≈ CV(T2-T1) = = U2-U1 - ( .) ∆h = ∫CPdT ≈ CP(T2-T1) = = h2 - h1 - ( .) 5. L =∫PdV= = L = - (∆U) = U1-U2. L =∫(-VdP) = =
6. q =0 7. K=0
8. ∆S = S20 - S10 R ln | 1. PVn =const; n=const
2. Cn= f (T); Cn=const; n= 
3.  ;  =  4. ∆U = ∫CVdT ≈ CV (T2-T1) =
= U2-U1 - ( .)
∆h = ∫CPdT ≈ CP(T2-T1) =
= h2 - h1 - ( .)
5.L =  (P1V1-P2V2)=
=  P1V1  = 
(L ) L = nL
6. q= ∆U+L = ∆h+L
q=Cn (T2-T1); 7. Cn=CV 
8. ∆S = CV ln  + R ln  ;
. ∆S = CP ln - R ln  ;
.∆S = CP ln  + CV ln ;
∆S = S20 - S1 0 - R ln .
|
= CV ln 
1
2' q
q 
=
= L .
=
; L = L 
(P1V1- P2V2)= = 
P1V1 
= 
=
(P1V1-P2V2)=
L =(-∆h)=h1-h2; L = k L 
= 0.
