| β | lgβ | β | lgβ | ||
| Ag(NH3)2+ | 1,7 . 107 | 7,22 | FeOH+ | 3,2 . 104 | 4,50 |
| Cd(NH3)42+ | 5,5 . 106 | 6,74 | FeOH2+ | 8,5 . 1011 | 11,81 |
| Cu(NH3)42+ | 5,6 . 1011 | 11,75 | NiOH+ | 1,3 . 104 | 4,10 |
| Ni(NH3)42+ | 4,7 . 107 | 7,67 | HgOH+ | 4,0 . 1010 | 10,60 |
| Ni(NH3)62+ | 2,0 . 108 | 8,31 | PbOH+ | 2,0 . 106 | 6,30 |
| Zn(NH3)42+ | 7,8 . 108 | 8,89 | ZnOH+ | 1,0 . 105 | 5,00 |
| HgBr2 | 9,6 . 1017 | 17,98 | ZrOH3+ | 2,0 . 1014 | 14,30 |
| HgBr3- | 5,0 . 1020 | 20,70 | AlOH2+ | 1,0 . 109 | 9,00 |
| HgBr42- | 2,7 . 1022 | 22,23 | BiOH2+ | 50,0 | 1,70 |
| HgCl2 | 1,7 . 1013 | 13,23 | CdOH+ | 8,0 . 103 | 3,90 |
| HgCl3- | 1,5 . 1014 | 14,20 | CoOH+ | 2,0 . 104 | 4,30 |
| HgCl42- | 2,0 . 1015 | 15,30 | CrOH2+ | 1,2 . 1010 | 10,07 |
| AlF4- | 1,3 . 1019 | 19,10 | CuOH+ | 2,0 . 106 | 6,30 |
| MgC2O4 | 5,7 . 102 | 2,76 | AlEDTA- | 4,0 . 1016 | 16,60 |
| Mg(C2O4)22- | 1,7 . 104 | 4,24 | CaEDTA2- | 1,0 . 1014 | 14,00 |
| Ag(CN)2- | 0,9 . 1021 | 20,96 | CdEDTA2- | 2,9 . 1016 | 16,46 |
| Hg(CN)42- | 0,3 . 1042 | 41,40 | CoEDTA2- | 2,0 . 1016 | 16,30 |
| Cd(CN)42- | 0,1 . 108 | 7,12 | CuEDTA2- | 6,3 . 1018 | 18,80 |
| Cu(CN)43- | 0,2 . 1031 | 30,30 | HgEDTA2- | 5,0 . 1021 | 21,70 |
| Fe(CN)64- | 1,0 . 1037 | 37,00 | NiEDTA2- | 4,2 . 1018 | 18,62 |
| Fe(CN)63- | 1,0 . 1044 | 44,00 | PbEDTA | 1,1 . 1018 | 18,04 |
| FeSal+ | 2,8 . 1017 | 17,44 | ZnEDTA2- | 3,1 . 1016 | 16,50 |
.. (2011 )
| n.(1) = n.(2) = n.(i) m(1)/ M.(1) = m(2)/ M.(2) = m(i)/ M.(i) . (1) . V(1) = . (2) . V(2) = . (i) . V(i), . , V | |||
| - | pV= (m / M) RT, m - ; M - ; p - ; V - ; T - (); R - (8,314 /( ) 0,082 /( )) | ||
| λ = /ν, λ , , ν ; : = hν; : λ = h/(m . v) | |||
| , | : n = 1,2,3. ∞ : ℓ = 0,1,2, n -1 : m = -ℓ, -(ℓ-1)0(ℓ+1), ℓ s = +1/2, -1/2 | ||
| = l × q | |||
 ;
| |||
| () | Q = Δ U + A/ | ||
| ( ) | DrH0298 = ∑ v i D f H0298, i - ∑ vj D f H0298, j . . DrH0298 , r rti, νi, νj () , , . | ||
| () . | D S =  D S >  ; S = k1W
| ||
| D G = D - D S Dr G <0, Dr G >0, . = Dr G - , , | |||
| = 00 S = 0 | |||
V =  - ;
 -
| |||
| : + b = dD + | V = k[]a []b, k , ,[], [] , /, , b | ||
| - |  V1 T1, V2 2. γ
| ||
 -
| |||
| : + b = +dD | 
| ||
| c - ( ) D r G0T | D r G0T = -R lc | ||
| 5.1 | |||
= 
| |||
| ( ) | C. = 
| ||
| w(X) = m (X)/m() | |||
= 
| |||
χ (i) =  ; : χ (i) = . 100%
| |||
 , :
Cm =
| |||
| 5.2 | |||
| - ( - ω) | = 
| ||
| (Cm ω) | Cm = ω.1000/M(1 ω) =  :
Cm = ω%.1000/M(100 ω%) = 
| ||
| ( .) | C. = Z.CM | ||
| 5.3 | |||
| ( ) | ω = k pB ω , , k , , | ||
| ( ) | = 0 χ, , 0 , χ : (0 )/0 = χ, χ = (1 χ) , (0 )/0 | ||
| ( ) | Δ. = m, Δ. , m , , , Δ. = . m, Δ. , m , , , | ||
| ( - ) | . = RT . = nRT/V | ||
| 5.4 | |||
μ = 
| |||
| = -lg[H+], = -lg[H-] | |||
| 5.5 | |||
| pH = -lg[H+] = -lg, ., N . | |||
| = 14 + lg[OH-] = 14 + lgo, o ., N | |||
= 0,5 0,5 lgC = -lg  = 0,5 + 0,5 pCk =  + , C - , pC = -lgC
| |||
| c | 7) = 14 = 14 (-lg  ), = -lg
| ||
pH = 7 + 0,5 pK + 0,5 . lgC = 14 = 14 + lg 
| |||
| pH = 7 0,5 pK. 0,5 . lgC = -lg
| |||
= -lg[H+] =-lg  = -lgKk lg(Ck/C) = lg(Ck/C) = lgCk + lg.
| |||
= 14 + lg  = 14 + lgCo/Cc = 14 + lgCo lgCc
| |||
| (mBn) = [A]m [B]n | |||
| - | |||
| . (...) (ε). - ... | (Ox/Red) = Ű(Ox/Red) +  ,
(Ox/Red) - - ( )
Ű(Ox/Red) -
R (8,324 /∙)
T
F (96485 /)
n
a(Ox) a(Red)
: = 0 + (0,059/n) . lg ([Ox]/[Red])
... (ε)= -
RTln K = nFε0 
| ||
| () : [CoCl4]2- ↔ Co2+ + 4Cl- | 
| ||
| () : Co2+ + 4Cl- ↔ [CoCl4]2- | 
| ||
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