.
Co2+ + Cl- ↔ [CoCl]+
[CoCl]+ + Cl- ↔ [CoCl2]0
[CoCl2]0 + Cl- ↔ [CoCl3]-
[CoCl3]-+ Cl- ↔ [CoCl4]2-
( ) bi():
b n () :
Hg2+ ( ) Cl- ( ):
Hg2+ + Cl- ↔ [HgCl]+; K 1() = 1,85 . 105
[HgCl]+ + Cl- ↔ [HgCl2]; K 2() = 3,22 . 107
[HgCl2] + Cl- ↔ [HgCl3]-; K 3() = 14,28
[HgCl3]- + Cl- ↔ [HgCl4]2- ; K 4() = 10,00
Hg2+ + 4Cl- - ↔ [HgCl4]2; K . = K 1 . ∙ K 2. ∙ K 3. ∙ K 4. = 0,85 ∙ 1015
:
β n () = 1 / β n (); βn () = 1 / βn (),
, .
, () [HgCl4]2- :
K . [HgCl4]2- = 1/ K . [HgCl4]2- = 1/(1,17 ∙ 10-15) = 0,85 ∙ 1015
β n (), . , (I) (I)-:
(1) Ag+ + 2 NH3 ↔ [Ag(NH3)2]+; β() = 2,5 106
(2) Ag+ + 2 CN- ↔ [Ag(CN)2]-; β() = 1,2 1021
[Ag(CN)2]-, , , (2) , (1).
n , .
, b n () Ki () :
b n () = K 1() ∙ K 2() ∙ K 3() ∙ Kn ()
( ). - :
K4[Fe(CN)6] → 4K+ + [Fe(CN)6]4-
[Co(NH3)6]Cl3 → [Co(NH3)6]3+ + 3Cl-
: [Pt(NH3)2Cl2], [Co(NH3)3(NO3)3]. . , . . , (K). - :
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[Ag(NH3)2]+ → [Ag(NH3)]+ + NH3
[Ag(NH3)]+ → Ag+ + NH3
:
[Ag(NH3)2] → Ag+ + 2NH3
:
:
. = 1.2.
, , .
, , , (, , ) , . , :
[Ag(NH3)2]Cl + 2KCN = K[Ag(CN)2] + 2KCl + 2NH3
, K.([Ag(NH3)2]+) = 9,310-8, K.([Ag(CN)2]-) = 8,010-22, .. :
