Windows, .
2.1. : IBM- ().
2.2. : Windows.
:
1. Windows.
2. .
4. ( 1)
, ( , ) , . Windows , (batch file).
.bat. , (, Far Total Commander).
, OEM. Terminal, , OEM (, Bred3).
, , , (.bat ), .
9 ( shift). %1 - %9. . , %1 - %9 .
, ( "), .
, ( ","), ( ";").
: &, | (). , , ^.
%0, , %* .
|
|
|
cmd .
% , (, ), . , XYZ%.COM, XYZ%%..
%0-%9 (% -) :
%~ - % - ("");
%~f - % - ;
%~p - , , % - , ;
%~d - , , % - , ;
%~n - , , % - ( );
%~x - , , % - ( ".");
%~t - , , % - ;
%~z - , , % - ( );
%~dp - , , % - ;
%~nx - , , % - ;
%~ftz - , , % - ( dir).
,
4.3.1. echo @
echo :
;
.
, echo off , echo on . echo , "on" "off" , echo off.
"@" .
cls
cls . .
rem
rem
. , , - .
|
|
|
color
color
color
, , , .
:
| ; | ; | ||
| ; | -; | ||
| ; | A | -; | |
| ; | B | -; | |
| ; | C | -; | |
| ; | D | -; | |
| ; | E | -; | |
| ; | F | -. |
color .
pushd popd
pushd -
( , ).
popd
, pushd.
goto
, ":", . , .
goto
( , goto). goto , .
if
if, :
if
.
:
errorlevel , ( , );
-1 == -2 , -1 -2 . %0 - %9, ;
exist - , ;
not , .
( goto).
Windows XP if, :
if [/i] (
-1-1
-1-2
) else (
-2-1
-2-2
)
if, else, .
if "==" :
EQU ;
NEQ ;
LSS ;
LEQ ;
GTR ;
GEQ .
: , . , , , , . . , abc abd, abb. , .
( ). /i.
if cmdextversion defined.
cmdextversion
, , cmd.exe, . 1. 1 . cmdextversion , ( ).
|
|
|
defined
, ( ).
find
find . :
find [/v] [/c] [/n] [/i] " - " [[ :][ ] - [...]]
" - " , . [[ :][ ] - [...]] . , .
find :
/v , , " - " ( , , " - ");
/c , ;
/n ;
/i .
findstr
findstr , find.
findstr :
findstr [/b] [/e] [/l] [/r] [/s] [/i] [/x] [/v] [/n] [/m] [/o] [/p] [/offline] [/g: ] [/f: ] [/c: ] [/d: - ] [/a: - ] [ ] [[ :][ ] - [...]]
(), , [ :][ ] -. , ("). [ :][ ] - ( .
findstr :
/b ;
/e .
/r , (. );
/l , .. , ;
/s ;
/i ;
/x ;
/v , ;
/n ;
/m ;
/o ;
/p (, );
/offline ;
/f: ;
/c: ;
/g: ;
/d: - , ;
/a: : (. 4.3.4).
, . findstr :
. ;
* 0 ;
|
|
|
.* ;
^ ;
$ ;
[ ] ;
[^ ] , ;
[ 1 - 2 ] 1 2;
\> , ;
\> , ;
\ (., *, ^, $, [ \) .
, . , . , /c, .
sort
sort :
sort [/r] [/+ ] [/m ] [/l ] [/rec ]
[[ 1:][ 1 ] -1 ] [/t [ 2:][ 2 ]]
[/o [ 3: ][ 3 ] -3 ]
[ 1:][ 1 ] -1 . , .
[/t [ 2:][ 2 ]] sort, ( ).
/o [ 3: ][ 3 ] -3 ( , ).
sort :
/r , .. Z A, 9 0;
/+ , ( , .. 1);
/m , ( );
/l , , , . . /, ( C, );
/rec ( ) ( 4096, 65535).
, .. , , , .
for
for .
:
for in () do
. , %, %%.
, , , . .
. , 2.1.14.3.
, (. 4.1).
, for, do, .
for:
for /D in () do
, , .. .
:
for /R [[ :] ] in () do
[ :] , for . /R , . (.), .
for:
for /L in (-, , -)
do
- - ( ), .
for :
|
|
|
for /F [" - "] in () do
for /F [" - "] in (" ") do
for /F [" - "] in (' ') do
, " ", ' ' . -. - , .
. . , , %%I for. %%J ( ), %%K ( ) .. . , -
tokens=
, , , (, 1,2,3), (, 1-4). "*", , . ,
tokens=1,2*,
%%I , %%J %%K .
- . -, -
delims=
, - , , :
delims=,;.
- , -, -, :
"tokens=1,2* delims=,;. ".
skip=
- , ,
eol=
, .
-:
usebackq,
for, :
for /F ["usebackq - "]
in (" ") do
for /F ["usebackq - "]
in (' ') do
for /F ["usebackq - "]
in (` `) do
set
set , , , .
set .
set:
set - =
, , , .
, (%), .
set:
set - =
, , :
%CD% ;
%DATE% %TIME% ;
%ERRORLEVEL% ;
%OS% ;
%PATH% ();
%PROMPT% ;
%RANDOM% 0 32767;
%SYSTEMDRIVE% , Windows;
%SYSTEMROOT% Windows;
%USERNAME% .
set /p:
set /p - =
Enter. .
set /a:
set /a
:
+, -, * / , , ;
% ;
<< , ( );
>> , ( );
1 & 2 1 2 ( 1 , 1 2 1, 0);
1 | 2 1 2 ( 0 , 1 2 0, 1);
1 ^ 2 1 2 ( 1 , 1 2 , 0);
= ;
*=, /=, %=, +=, -=, &=, ^=, |=, <<= >>= (, x+=3 x=x+3);
, ;
< > .
