.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


4. .




 

4.1.

 

(N):

N = L / L , . = 2688888/141750=18

2 (N-2):

N-2 = L. /(Lⁿ -2 * ), = 2688888/(12000*0.81)=276

 

L. (), .

Lⁿ -2 - -2, . [ л, .14, . 2.1.]

- [

л,.28, .2.25.2), = 1 * 3

1 (N-1):

N-1 = (L. / (Lⁿ -1 * )) - N-2, =(2688888/(4000*0,81)) - 276=553

Lⁿ -1 -1, . [ л, .14, . 2.1.];

[

л,c.28, .2.25.2]., = 1 * 3

(Neo):

Neo= L / lcc, .,=2688888/188=14302

 

lcc (), .

(Nco) [ л, c.14,.2.8]

Nco = 2 * Acc, .,=2*48=96

 

Acc- (), .,

 

4.2.

.

 

2 ( -2):

tck -2 = tn -2 * , .- = 10,6*1,15=12

 

t -2

[

л,.28, . 2.25.2], = 2 * 5

tn -2 , .- ,[ л,.15, . 2.2]

-2 = t -2. * N-2 ,-. = 12*276= 3312

-2 2 , -

1 ( -1):

tck -1 = tn -1 * , .- = 2,5*1,15= 2,8

 

t -1

tn -1 , .- ,[ л,.15, . 2.2]

[ л

.28, . 2.25.2], = 2 * 5

-1 = t -1 * N-1, -. = 2,8*553=1548

-1 1

( )

tck. = tn. * , .- = 0,45*1,15=0,5

 

t.

tn. , .- , [ л,.15, . 2.2]

[

л,.28, . 2.25.2], = 2 * 5

= t. . * N, -. = 0.5* 14302=7151

( ).

t = ( * t.-2)/100, = (20*12)/ 100= 2,4

 

t , -

-2 %, [

л, .14, . 2.11.2]

= t . * N, -. = 2,4*96=230

 

, -.

[ л, .14, . 2.11.2], , , , . -2 .

( ).

tck. = tn. * , .- = 4,0*1,9=7,6

 

t. 1000 .

tn. 1000 , .- , [

л,.15, . 2.2]

,

[ л,.28, . 2.25.2], = 1 * 2 * 3 * 4 * 5

4, :

4 = (4 . * . + 4 . * .) / 100 = 1,5

 

. . (40% 60%)

4 . 4 . 4 . . [ л, .28, . 2.11]

. = (t.. * L.)/1000, .-. = (7,6*2688888)/1000=20435

 

(,):

, = -2 + -1 + + + , .-. = 3312+1548+7151+230+20435=32676

 

,

3

 

3.

1.  
2. 1  
3. 2  
4.  
5. 0,5
6. 1 2,8
7. 2  
8. 2,4
9. 7,6
10. , -  
11. 1, -  
12. 2, -  
13. , -  
14. , -  
15.  

 

5. .

- . , , , , .

5.1. .

 

.

:

Q = 0,01* (HL L + HP P.) * (1 + 0,01 D),

Q =0,01*(31*2688888+2*6996000)*(1+0,01*12)=949252

 

Q , .; ( )

HL , /100

HP , /100 ( 2 ; 1,3 ; () 2 3)

L - , ;

D ( ) %.

:

: 5 . 10%, 10 . 15%;

10%;

( ), ( ), ( ) 20%;

, 35% .

:

, 15%;

 

5.2. .

 

. , , () . (Q) 100 (3 ) , .

Q = (Q.. * Q) / 100, .=(0,2*949252)/100=1898

 

Q= (Q.. * Q) / 100, .=(2,6*949252)/100=24680

 

Q.. , (

)

Q.. , ( )

(Q) 100 (3 ) , , 100 (3 ) .

50% , ( ). 20% , . , . . 3-8 .

.

(Q) ( 15 ) .

Q = Q.. * , =48*10=480

 

Q.. 1 . ( )

 

5.3. .

 

(, , ):

Ni = L * ni / H , =(2688888*6)/ 80000=201

 

Ni i , .;

L , , ; , L = L

ni , .;

H - , ( 80000 ).

 

5.4. .

 

, .. , 300 . , .. :

.- = L * .- * .- / 1000,

.- =2688888*438*1/1000=1177732

.- 1000

, .( )

L , ;

.- , .

. 0,84, 1,25.

4.

4.

- .

1. (L), ;  
2. (P.),  
3. (n.), .;  
4. (HL), /100  
5. (HP), /100  
6. (Q), .;  
7. (D), %  
8. 1. , .  
9. , (.6. * .8)  
10. . 1 . (Q..), .  
12. (Q), .  
13. 1 . ,  
14. , (.12 * .13)  
15. (Q..), 0,2
16. (Q),  
17. 1 . , .  
18. , (.16 * .17)  
19. (Q.), 2,6
20. (Q), .  
21. 1. ,  
22. , (.20 * .21)  
23. i (Ni), .;  
24. 1 i , .  
25. , (.23 * .24)  
26. 1000 (.-),  
27. (.-)  
28. ( .- ),  

 

6. .

 

6.1

(N) :

N = ( + -) / , = (116640+3499)/1726=69

 

- , .;

- - , .,

0,3

- = 0,3 * , =11664*0,3 = 3499

 

, .

= ( - - - . - - ) * , = (365-52-9-28-2-12-3)*6,7-9=1726

 

 

(365);

(52 );

(9 (, , . 65));

, ,

3 , 21 ,

, 3 28

.

. ; ,

2/3 ,

2 .

(3% );

(0,7%

);

= 6,7 (

)

(9 ,

1 )

. : ; -; ;

; , , .

- 1 :

Pm = C * t-.. / (q * γ.) =(31*0,6)/(5*0,8) = 6,2

 

C , .

t-. = (t-1. + t-2 + t-3 + t-4) / 4=(0,16+0,16+0,58+0,33)/4=0,31

, :

= (/160,8)*1,17, = 31,5

 

, .

160,8

1,17

1 :

P = (T + t-)* C / (v * q * γ.. * β.) = (1+0,3)*31,5/(27,8*5*0,8*0,6)=0,6

 

T , 1 ;

t- - , 1 (0,3 );

v = (v1 + v2+ v3 + v4 )/ 4

() - () .

= L * , =2688888*0,2=537777

 

- 1 .

= . * , = 6996000*0,6 = 4197600

 

1 ,

- .

, , 25% . :

= ( + -), = 31,5*(3499+116640) = 3724309

 

30% .

12% .

5.

5.

.

1. (N)  
2. (),  
3. - ( ), .;  
4. - (-), .,  
5. - 1 (Pm), 6,2
6. 1 (P), 0,6
7. (),  
8. -(),  
9. ()  
10. , , , ( ). = .9 * 0,25  
11. , ( .) = (.7 + .8)*0,3, .  
12. . (.) = .7+.8+.9+.10+.11,.  
13. ( .),= .12 *0,12,  
14. ( ) = .12 + .13.  
15. , = .14/.1  
16. , = .15/11  

 

6.2. .

N-2,..= ( -2 + )/ * 1,05, = (3112+230)/(1726*1,05)=2

N-1,..= -1 / * 1,05, =1548/(1726*1,05)=2

N,..= / * 1,05, =7151/(1726*1,05)=4

N,..= / * 1,05, =20435/(1726*1,05)=12

 

N-2,. - 2.

N-1,. - 1.

N,. - .

N,. - .

6.3. .

.

.1=(/ 160,8) * 1,17, = 4330*1,17/160,8 = 31,51

 

.1 1

160,8 ,

1,17 1 , 26.11.86 131, . .

6 .

6.

6

, .

           
1,0 1,09 1,20 1,35 1,54 1,80
31,5   37,8 42,5 48,5 56,7

 

. , , 6. , .

 

,(-1,-2,) = 1., * .,

,=31,5*1,018=32,067

-1=31,5*1,178=37,107

-2=31,5*1,2=37,8

=31,5*1,23=38,745

. = . + (. + .) * ( - )

.(-1,-2,) (-1,

-2, )

1., 1

.

. ,

,

. ,

,

,

-1 2 3 , -2 3 , 1 2 , 3 4

 

7.

7.

. ..
- 2 3,0 .-2 37,8
1 2,8 ..-1 37,107
1,2 .. 32,067
3,2 .. 38,745
         

 

 

, 2

-2 =(.-2 * (.-2 + ))/ 1,05, . = 37,81*(3312+230)/1,05 = 127512

 

-2 - -2

, 1

.-1 =(.-1 * -1) / 1,05, . = 37,107*1548/1,05 = 54706

-1 - -1

,

= (.. * 1)/1,05, .. = 32,07*7151/1,05 = 218343

-

,

. = (.. * .)/1,05, .. = 38,7*20435/1,05 = 754051

-

. , ( , ..), , , .

, : 12% 24% .

...-2 = (.-2 * 160,8 * . * N.-2 * 12)/100, , = (37,8*160,8*10*1,0*12)/100=7293

 

...-2 . , -2

.-2 -2

160,8

. = 10%

N.-2 , . -2, N.-2 = 10% N-2..., 1

12

...-1 = (.-1 * 160,8 * . * N.-1 * 12)/100, , = (37,107*160,8*10*1,0*12)/100=7160

...-1 . , -1

.-1 -1

. = 10%

N.-1 , . -1, N.-1 = 5% N-1..., 1

... = (. * 160,8 * . * N. * 12)/100, , = (32,067*160,8*1,0*12)/100=6187

... ,

.

. = 10%

N. , . , N. = 10% N..., 1

... = (. * 160,8 * . * N. * 12)/100, ,=(38,745*160,8*1,0*12)/100=7476

... ,

.

. = 10%

N. , . , N. = 5% N.., 1 .

, .

, .

.-2 = . * N.-2 * 12, . =866*1*12=10392

.-2 , -2

. ,

-2, -1,, 5 . , 5 20%

N.-2 , , -2

12

.-1 = . * N.-1 * 12, . =866*1*12=10392

.-1 , -1

N.-1 , , -1

. = . * N. * 12, . =866*1*12=10392

. ,

N. , ,

. = . * N. * 12, . =1515*1*12=18180

. ,

. .

25 , 35%

N. - , ,

-2 = (-2 * 40) / 100, . =(20196*40)/100=8078

-2 -2

40 , %

-1 = (-1 * 40) / 100, .=(54706*40)/100=21882

-1 -1

=( * 40) / 100, .=(218343*40)/100=87297

 

= ( * 40) / 100, . =(754051*40)/100=301620

.

.-2 = -2+ ...-2. + .-2 + -2, , =20196+7293+10392+8078=45959

.-1. = -1 + ...-1 + .-1 + -1, , =54706+7160+10392+21882=94140

.. = + ... + . + ., , =218343+6187+10392+87297=322219

.= + .... + . + ., , =754051+7146+18180+301620=1081597

.-2 -2

.-1. -1

..

.

:

..

... = ( * 100)/( ) + 1, % = (28*100)/(365-52-9-28)+1 = 11,14

 

, 28 (.. .67)

, 365

, 52

, 9 (, , . 65)

.-2 = (.-2 * ...) / 100, .=(45959*10,1)/100=4595

.-1 = (.-1* ...,) / 100 .=(94140*10,1)/100=9508

. = (. * ..) / 100., .=(322219*10,1)/100=32544

. =(. * ...) / 100, .=(1081597*10,1)/100=109241

 

.-2 -2, .

.-1 -1, .

. , .

. , .

8

8

1. . - 2 (N-2,.),  
2. . -1 (N-1,.),  
3. . (N,.),  
4. (N,.),  
5. . (N. .) = .1 + .2 + .3 + .4,  
6. -2 (-2), .  
7. -1 (-1), .  
8. (), .  
9. (), .  
10. . , ( ..) = .6 + .7 + .8 + .9, .  
11. , -2 (...-2), .  
12. , -1 (...-1), .  
13. , (...), .  
14. , (...), .  
15. . , (Σ) = .11 + .12 + .13 + .14. .  
16. , -2 (.-2), .  
17. , -1 (.-1), .  
18. , (. ), .  
19. , (. ), .  
20. (Σ) = .16 + .17 + .18 + .19, .  
21. -2 (-2)  
22. -1 (-1)  
23. (),  
24. (),  
25. (...) = .21 + .22 + .23 + .24, .  
26. . -2 (.-2)  
27. . -1 (.-1)  
28. . (.). .  
29. . (.), .  
30. . (...) .... = .26 + .27 + .28 +.29  
31. . -2 (.-2),.  
32. . -1 (.-1),.  
33. . (.),.  
34. . (.),.  
35. (...) = .31+.32+.33+.34  
36. . -2 (-2) = .26 + .31. .  
37. . -1 (-1) = .27 + .32, .  
38. . () = .28 + .33, .  
39. . () = .29 + .34,  
40. . (..) = .36+.37+.38+.39,.  
41. ( ....) = .. / 11, .  
42. ( ...) = .... / N. .., .  

 

7. .

 

, , .

.

1. "

" ( .) :

, , ,

, (38,5% )

. = (. + ..) * (1 + 38,5 /100), =(1699803+12108741)* (1 + 38,5 /100) = 34958

 

2. " " ( Q) ,

.

3 ." " ( =Q + Q + Q)

4 ." " ( .-)

, .

5. " " ( Ni)

, ,

.

6 ." " ,

,

.

( )

:

, 2

= * /100, .=(200000*8,4)/100=6800

,

-

, .

,

1000 .

 

7 ." " () ,

; ;

;

; ;

.

.

, ,

: 1,5 1 .

1. /. (.)

9.

9.

, . 1 , /
1. , ..   0,004
2. , Q.   0,13
3. ,   0,003
4. , .-   0,1
5. , Ni   0,00002
6. ,   0,0009
7. () ,   0,02
8. : = 2370961 . =0,25

 

8. , .

.

= * (1 + R/100), =2370961*(1+15/100)=2726605

 

,

, .

R , %.

35%. 15%.

() :

= ( 0,02 * ) , .(2726605-0,02*2726605)-2370961=301112

0,02* 2% .

, , .

.

= ( / ,) * 100, .=(301112/2370961)*100=12,6

 

.

, 10.

10.

,

.
1. () .  
2. %  
3. () .  
4. .  
5. () .  
6. () % 12,6

 

 

9. - .

- , .

11.

-

1. (), .  
2. 1 (q),  
3. (q),  
4. (Q..),  
5. (.), .  
6. (L), .  
7. (L), .  
8. (.). .  
9. (.)=..* ,  
10. (N),  
11. (N...), .  
12. (N) = .10 + .11,  
13. (), .  
14. (...),  
15. () = .13 + .14, .  
16. ( .) = .15 / .12,  
17. () = .16 / 12,  
, .
18. (), .  
19. () .  
20. 1 (..), /. 0,25
21. (), .  
22. (), % 12,5

 

.

.

1. .

2.

3. .

 

4. .

 

5. .

 

 

.

 

1. .., .. - .

.: , 1998. 54 .

2. .. ,

. .: , 1998. 245 .

3. .., ..

: . . .:

, 1994. 304 .

4. . . .: , 1994. 380 .

5., :

. /.. .; .: , 1994. 328 .

6.

. .: , 1986. 48 .

7. () /..,

.. . .: , 1990. 238 .

8. .. . .:

, 1999. 128 .

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

- ϻ.

 

 

58

 

:

4

-46

... . .

():

... . .

____________

 

 

2012 / 2013 . .

 


 

 

 

 

- ϻ

 

4 .

-46.

... . .

 

58

 

 

.

 

- 5549

1. (Q )=190 .

2. ( )=243

3. =1

4. ( )=1,2

 

, % - -
1    
2    
3    
4    

 

: .

 





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