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. ., 1998
. ., , 1998
ISBN 5-8071-0002-6 , 1998
(19311985) -, .
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1
, , :
1. " " "gZer-mig", IX .);
2. " " ("gZi-brjid", XIV .);
3. - , 1842 . ( , , , . , ).
, .
, , . , , , , . , , zh () sh () , ts, tsh, dz, c, ch ( , , , , ). () , .
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1. gZer-mig
'Ol-mo lung-ring ( ; ).
Bar-po-so-brgyad ( ) {1}.
Lang-ling ().
mTsho Mu-le-stong-ldan had-gyi 'gram (, . . : , , ).
'Od-ma-'byam-skya (, - ).
Dang-ba ( ).
Hos-mo ( ).
Khri-dang- 'byams-pa 'i-gling ().
Shod-pa-rtsig-na'i-rtse ( ).
Lhun-grub-'dus-pa ( ).
Bod ().
Zhang-Zhung ().
rGya-lag-'od-ma'i-gling ( ).
Phyva ().
Mu-khyud rgya-mtsho ( ).
Thog-'bar ().
dBal-so-ra-ba ().
Scng-nge-rgyab-bsnol ().
Mu-ha-la mun-pa'i-gling ( ).
2. gZi-brjid
(gling)
rGyal-rigs rgyal-sa 'dzin-pa'i-gling (, ).
gScr-gling ( ).
Zangs-gling ( ).
Ha-nu-ma-dha'i-gling ( , , ).
Dz-ha-na-dha-ra 'i-gling Nri-sha'i-gling
mKha'-'gro mi rkun gling dang/ bka' skyongs Khrom-gling ( , , , , ).
Mi-rtag-dur-bu'i-gling
(yul)
rGyal-rigs Drau'i-yul ( ).
Gar-rigs shag-gi-yul ( ).
rGod-rje Hos-kyi-yul
Khri-rje-gto'i-yul
Kong-tse-rgya'i-yul
Bha-ling-'bang
Bhi-shang-ku-ron
Ne-gu-phyva-sangs
dKar-sha-ka
Sha-za Khrom-pa'i-yul ( -).
rGyal-mo Khrom-gyi-yul ( -).
(, 'grong-khyer)
Na-len-dz-ha
Ha-ri-ne-thang
Dz-ha-mi-bhe
Na-len-dzo-le
Mi-tra-'dzin
Sha-'bal-gling
Ka-la-go-shan
Zur-shan
Na-ra-dzo-le
Gar-sham-ga-gling
Ka-smrig-gling
Bha-ra-bha
sPri-sha-pri-ku
sPro-ma-lang-ling
Gam-sham-bha
Tra-sing-na-tra
Yu-ban-dha-na
Pa-ra-sa-ra
Ne-ra-ne-ljang
Lang-ling
Tri-sing-ta
Ya-ba-mi-gling
Tsc-yang-tse
Kha-ba-nc-sing-ljang
Kha-ya-gyim-thang
Gar-ma-dgu-ro
Shan-li-shan
Bi-dar-'u-shan
Dha-na-yangs-pa-can
Gang-gha-dha-ra ()
Kar-ma-ga-ling
Gha-dha Gser-gling ( ).
Khrom-gling ( ).
Ku-sha-snyug-gling
Na-ron-si-dha
Ku-yang-ku
Ku-shang-khri-gling
Ha-sti-mu-na
Ne-sing-tra
Ne-sing-na-tra-ha
Gyu-ti
Mi-tra-'dzin
gSal-byed Yangs-pa-can
Skyi-ra-skyo-yug
Ku-ra-ku
Dha-na-ru
'Od-ma-'byam-thang
-
- . , [2]. , .
Bar-po-so-brgyad (, ).
, -
- ( )
Kho-ma-ne-chung ( ) {5}.
gNod-sbyin-nor-gling ( / -) {15}.
[Chad-nod-byams-gling ( ) {16}].
Med-rigs-gdol-pa ( / ) {27}.
'O-ma-'byam-skya {42}.
'Da'-ba-ru-steng ( ) {55}.
Tsher-shod (char-zhod)-rab-'jigs ( ) {56}.
sTobs-chen-gyad-gling ( ) {28}.
Mkha'-'gro-mi-rkun-gling ( , ) {57}.
sNang-ldan-'bum-gling {43}.
bDe-ba-rang-grub (, ) {4}.
Rin-chen-'gram ( ) {14}.
gTsug-rje-rgyal {26}.
Shag-yul ( ) {40}.
Sham-po lha-rtse ( ) {3}.
Rin-chen-spungs-pa ( ) {13}.
Gyung-drung-bkod-gling (, ) {12}.
bDe-ba-rang-grub (, ) {2}.
dGa'-ldan-gling (, ) {11}.
gScr-gling ( ) {25}.
rGyal-rigs-rgyal-sa-'dzin ( ) {24}.
Zangs-gling ( ) {23}.
Seng-nge-rgyab-bsnol {39}.
A-ba-dva-ra {38}.
'Gro-'dul ( /) {37}.
gCan-zan-'khro-gling ( ) {52}.
No-khri'i-'bum-thang ( ) {51}.
Mya-ngan-thang ( ) {50}.
Sos-med-khrag-mtsho (/ ) {53}.
[Dreg-so-pa-mas-shang ] {54}.
, - -
'Dul-khrims ( ) {10}.
Tshad-med-byang-chub ( ) {9}.
Mya-ngan-medpa'i-gling (, ) {32}.
Mkha'-'gro-mi-rkun-gling (, ) {36}.
Drang-srong-'gro-'dul ( ) {22}.
rJes-rigs-bkod-pa'i-gling (, ) {21}.
sMra-med-grong-bdun {35}.
Khri-thang-byams-gling {34}.
rGyal-bran-khri-'od {33}.
bDud-'dus-gling (, ) {20}.
Lhun-grub-gdal {47}.
Sha-za-gling-khrod {48}.
Na-seng-dra-ba'i grong-khyer ( ) {61}.
Srin-po-mi-rkun-gling ( , ) {62}.
gSas-khang dkar-nag-bkra-gsal ( , ){63}.
rNam-dag-dkar-po {6}.
Khri-smon-rgyal-bzhad {7}.
[Thags-me-ja-'nyung | {8}.
dGe-rgyas-yon-tan {17}.
Mi-gyo-bsam-tan {18}.
sByin-pa-mthar-rgyas {19}.
'Bri-mig-dgu-skor {29}.
Bram-ze-'dus-pa'i-gling (, ) {30}.
Hos-mo {31}.
Ka-ba-ta-shel-shug {44}.
rGya-lag-'o-ma'i-gling {45}.
Rin-chcn-spungs-pa {46}.
[Grang-kbyer-lang-ling {58}].
Mu-khyud bdal-ba'i-mtsho ( ) {60}.
sMe-khrod-skyi-'jigs {59}.
dBal-so-ra-ba ( ) {64}.
, , , .
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, Bar-po-so-brgyad {1}. (. ), , . -- -, . -, -. , , .
, , (pho-brang) (rgyal-sa), .
, . , - [72, . II, . 197].
, , - (g'ung-drung dgu brtsegs; gYung-drung-bKod-gling {12}, ). , ; (shel-gyi rdo-ring)[4].
, ( , ), (gsas-khang chen-po). .
, , [16, . 49]. " () - () [5] (Bar-po-so-brgyad). (, sku-mkhar) , - [6] (rgyang-grags)... (grong-khyer, ) (Yangs-pa-can)" [17, vol. "ka" (I), . 455456].
, , - [7], . , , - , '' ".
( ) , . , "... -, , , () , " [120, . 24].
, (--). " ". , , , , .
. , , 111- . , - . " ". VII . .. , -, [51, . 6667].
- , . I (VI . ..), : " . , , , () . , , () , , () . . () . () . , . () (), , . (? ?), . . ..." [51, . 107108].
, , (, ) ('Da'-ba-iii-steng grong-khyer) {55}, ( ), . e, [31, . 153154]. , (tser(char)-shod(zhod)-rb-'jigs) {56}, .
, - , , (A-ba-dva-ra) {38}, . , (sa-ka) " " I . .. .
() (med rigs l',rol-ba'i gling){27} -- ('-m-'byam-skya yul){42}. , , , , (). , -- .
, , , , -- (, ). " " , --, . , ( "gZi-brjid"), , -- ('Od-ma-'byam-thang). , ( , / ); --, - () - .
, -- ( --) , , . " " ("gZer-mig") , Dang-ba, )[8].
, .
, (rje), " ". (: ). , , , . , . , , , . . , .
, . [43, . I, . 101]. , , . "... "", ... " [50, . 189]. II VI . .. , , . , , , , . [50, . 396397].
, , (Hos-mo, ) {31}, . (), .
() - (rGya-lag-'o-ma) {45}, . - (rGya-lag-'od-ma). , () , " " ("gZer-mig", XIII), . (mkhar) ( ) . , , , " ". . , 125 (, , , 120 [43, . I, . 178 183]. , (Ha-'da') .
(Had-gyi 'gram). , , , , , , . , , , .
- , (. Sa-trig, . ), , ,
- , , . ? -: , . , , , , () [9].
, . . , .
, , (Grong-khyer Lnig-ling){58}. ("gZer-mg", II), , (Had-gyi 'gram), (), (mTsho Mu-lc-stong-ldan). , , , . , , , e, . , , , . , "", (Sa-la). , , . , . , , , -, - ( .. ), , -, , , , , . - [83, . 275].
() (Na-seng-dra-ba'i grong-khyer) {61}, , . : , . , . " , ", .
- (Rin-chen spungs-pa, ) {46}, . : spung-ba , . , , . , . "" . , - (), , , , : [14, . 18].
() - (dBal-so ra-ba) {64}. . , ( , ) [10]. , .
- , . , , , . , , , .
, . (, ) [96, . 23], . , , : , -- (Sha-za-gling-khrod) {48}, [15, . 116].
(Mya-ngan-thang, TaKJia-MaKan) {50}, , , , , , . , -, , ( - ). , - " ".
, - , , , -, , , . [55, . 99119].
, , , . () -- (Seng-ge-rgyab-bsnol) {39}. , (.. ), --.
, , , (sTobs chen gyad gling) {28}, .
("gZi-brjid"), (Bha-ra-ba), . " " (1322 .) , : , [1, . 133][11].
, , - , , [119, I,. 45, 65 ( 6)].
, , - - . , . XVIII . " ", .
, . , , . , .
, , , . , , : " , , . - ; , - " [43, II, . 23]. : " , . , , , " [43, IV, . 36].
- , , ( ) . , (-).
, , , -, : " , , ". , , , , . , II .
(slag-gzig, rta-mjug, stag-bzhi, rtag-gzigs, ta-zig ..). VIII ., , , . , ().
("") . () , , [75, . 3032]. () () ( gnas-mchog), , , . , () (, . 'phags-pa'i yul), .
-, : " ( ) ", , : ", , () " (ta-zig nor-gling 'ol-gling gling-phran gcig) [13, . 123124].
- -, , , . , - , : , , [6, . 877]. " ()".
-, , (), , , , , , -.
, , , . , , , . , V . .., , - . , , , . , IV . .. , , .
- , , [106, XXII]. : , , , .
, , . - (rGyal-mo Khrom), - . , .
, , , , . , , , - .
, -, (VII . ..). , , , , .. [57, IV, . 4445].
.. , , [57, IV, . 45]. - , .
- , . , . , , . , , , , .
, , . , , [12]. , , [57, IV, . 45] , , , , .
, , , , , , . , , . (1,6 .), [57, IV, . 4647].
, - , . [57, IV, I.5740], , .
, -, , . (. 682692 .), , (, , , .). , , , ( ) , , , [57, IV, .51-51].
, , , , : - ( ) - ( ). , , , .
2
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(. 1575 .) . " , , ()", , " ".
, , , , .
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(Kho-ra-sa-na) () , , , () (), . - (byi-la) ) , . . , , , . () . , , (). , , .
( ) . : " (), , . , () , , , . ,