1. __________________ television all evening? (you watch).
2. It __________________ hard all day. (rain).
3. This time last year she ____________________ for her FCE exam. (prepare).
4. He _____________________all weekend/ (garden).
5. Just as I _________________ to an interesting part of the story, the doorbell rang. (get)
6. All the employees at the Acme Insurance Company ____________________ about their plans for the weekend.
Упражнение 5. Заполните пропуски глаголами в нужном времени: Past Continuous или Past Simple.
1. ___ television when I phoned you? (you watch).
2. We ___ out because it ___ (not/go; rain).
3. I ___ the car while I___ to park it (damage; try).
4. Tom ___ a photograph of me while I ___ (take; not/look).
5. Someone ___ with my clothes, while I ___ (run off; swim).
6. George ___ the ladder while he ___ the ceiling. (fall off; paint).
7. We ___ finance when my brother ___ (discuss; come)
8. Jim ___ to find a place of his own because he ___ to feel independent. (try; want).
9. I couldn't answer the phone when it rang because I ___ (have a bath).
10. I ___ at the bus stop when the accident ___ (stand; happen).
11. He ___ the book and ___ to read. (open; start).
12. Nick ___ his finger when he ___ onions. (cut; peel).
TEXT A. Прочтите текст, сделайте письменный перевод.
WORK AND WAGES.
Let us assume that the Russian has acquired a job - in a small business, in a big industry, in an office... an employee in Britain. He will probably have a formal contract and a period of probation, maybe four or six months. At the end of that time, he will have to face his superiors and discuss his work with them. In more responsible jobs, higher up the hierarchy, job analysis is a crucial factor in the process of employment and promotion. Employees are expected to analyse what they are doing, what they hope to do, what they expect to achieve.
Attitudes to other workers, superiors, life outside work, and commitment are considered.
Work is an essential economic activity. Of course, it must be analysed.
But our Russian visitor is a beginner. He is interested in his wages, and the first thing he learns is the phrase, "Take-home pay". Officially, he earns an annual salary, divided into weekly or monthly portions. But it doesn't look like that when he gets his wage slip. He has to pay income tax (currently at 25%); he has to pay National Insurance (officially, a standard contribution towards the health service, unemployment benefit and other social insurances).
All this money is removed before he gets a look at it. The rest is probably paid directly into his bank account, from which he cannot remove it for four or five days.
For his room, he must pay a large rent - maybe one third of what he earns, and after that he has to pay 'bills' for electricity, gas, use of phone, and maybe local taxes. He buys a season ticket in order to travel to work more cheaply.
We have the concept of 'disposable' income: that is, the money left for spending after taxes, insurance, rent and 'bills' and travel have been paid for.
Примечание:
wage wages salary
- My salary is paid on the 28th of the month. (Not *wage* *wages*)
(a salary is paid monthly)
- Women often get paid a low wage/low wages, especially for part-time work. (a wage or wages are paid daily or weekly)
- When I worked as a waitress, the wages were low but the tips were good. (preferable to the wage was low; we generally use wages in front of a verb).
Запомните следующие слова:
рrobation, n. – испытательный срок
crucial adj. – самый важный
commitment n. – ответственное отношение
wage slip – расчетный листок
season ticket – проездная карточка.
Упражнение 6. Из двух предложенных вариантов выберите соответствующий контексту.
Father fires son for 10 years of laziness. A businessman sacked his son because he was lazy, incompetent and (1)(dishonest)/dishonesty. Stuart Bidwell, 26, was handed dozens of (2) undisciplined/disciplinary letters about his work during his ten years with the firm. Manager and father Stephen Bidwell said: 'He got (3) numerate/numerous warnings and was just no good. He didn't really have the right (4) qualifications/disqualified for the job anyway. We only gave him the job because he was family and we didn't want him to be (5) unemployed/unemployment. The final straw came when Stuart was caught making long-distance phone calls to his girl-friend in Australia during office hours. Apparently Stuart was finally asked to hand in his (6) resigned/resignation but he refused, so he was sacked. Stuart Bidwell told the court that he had been (7) unfairly/unfairness dismissed. Stuart said he had worked for his father's company since leaving school at 16 and that he had only ever had two warning letters. Stuart's father has already put an (8) advertisement/advertising in the local paper for a replacement and says that they have already had over 100 (9) applicants/applications through the post. The case continues. Honest 1. open and direct: To be quite honest with you, I don't think you'll pass. 2 not likely to lie, steal, or cheat: An honest employee is a rare thing. 3 truthful and sincere: an honest face | an honest opinion – opposite dishonest.
Упражнение 7. Дайте ответы на приведенные ниже вопросы:
1. What do you think is good salary or wage in your country? How much would you like to earn?
2. Do you think people should get paid a bonus for especially good work?
3. Think of the job you do at the moment or that you would like to do in the future. What skills and/or qualifications do you need to do it?
4. Is it common or unusual for employees to go on strike in your country. Do you have trade umons?
5. What help do people get from the government if they are unemployed in your country?
6. At what age do men and women usually retire in your country? Do you think this is early, late or about right?
7. Do you have a bank account? Do you get interest?
8. How do you feel about borrowing money? Would you worry about being in debt?
9. Do you usually know now much you have in your purse/wallet?
10. What do you enjoy spending money on?
11. Do you feel guilty when you spend a lot of money?
12. Are you cautious with money or do you tend to spend it when you have it?
