MIB , SMI - Structure of Management Information. , SMI IpAddress 4 . - Counter, 0 232-1.
MIB SNMP SMI ASN.1, ISO (, , IP, Ethernet, ). ASN. 1 , , , , . , . , , , , ASN.1, . MIB, ASN.1, , .
ASN.1 , , , . ASN.1 , , . ., - , , .
, ASN.1, , C++. , , . ASN.1 SNMP.
ASN.1 OSI, CMIP.
MIB , . , - SNMP. , SysDescr 1, 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.
SNMP MIB ISO. SNMP Internet RFC, Assigned Numbers ( , , , Protocol IP, . .). MIB SNMP ISO, . 7.7.
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, ISO , . 7.7 . , , ISO, ITU ISO-ITU. , ISO , ( ). Internet (Departament of Defence, DoD), MIB dod-internet, , , - mgmt. , ISO, , . , . , , . MIB : iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib, : 1.3.6.1.2.1.
. 7.7. ISO
private (4) , , Cisco, Hewlett-Packard . . CMIP TMN.
, MIB-I MIB-II , , . , System iso.org.dod.internet.mgmt.mib.system, - 1.3.6.1.2.1. ISO, MIB, . 7.8.
. 7.8. ISO, MIB-I
SNMP
SNMP , . SNMP UDP, . , TCP, , SNMP , TCP .
SNMP TCP/IP. SNMP UDP ( TCP), OSI - , 4, CNLS, - . SNMP . , Novell SNMP NetWare 3.11, (, Bay Networks) SNMP IP, IPX.
SNMP, , . ASN.1 SNMP , .
SNMP : (version), (community), , , , , . (Protocol Data Unit, PDU).
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SNMP ASN.1 :>
SNMP-Message::=
SEQUENCE {
version INTEGER {
version-1 (0)
},
community
OCTET STRING,
SNMP-PDUs
ANY
}
PDU, SNMP:
SNMP-PDUs:: =
CHOICE {
get-request
GetRequest-PDU,
get-next-request
GetNextRequest-PDU,
get-response
GetResponse-PDU,
set-request
SetRequest-PDU,
trap
Trap-PDU,
}
, PDU . , GetRequest-PDU :
GetRequest-PDU::=
IMPLICIT SEQUENCE {
request-id
RequestID,
error-status
ErrorStatus,
error-index
Errorlndex,
variable-bindings
VarBindList
}
SNMP GetRequest-PDU. Request ID - 4- ( ), ErrorStatus Errorlndex - , 0. VarBindList - , . ASN.1 - . null.
SNMP, SysDescr ( 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1).
, 30 ( ), SEQUENCE (). (41 ). 1 - SNMP ( , SNMP v.l, a 1 SNMP v.2). community string ( ) 6 public. GetRequest-PDU. , Get-request, ( SNMP, ASN.1), - 28 . Getrequest-PDU, ( 4- ). , 0. , , - 1.3.6.1.2.1.1.1.0 null.
RMON MIB
SNMP RMON, MIB. RMON SNMP , . RMON MIB , , . RMON MIB , , , . RMON MIB MIB-I MIB-II , . , , .
RMON 16 MIB, RMON 10 .
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Statistics - , . .
History - , .
Alarms - , RMON .
Hosts - , - .
HostTopN - .
Traffic Matrix - , .
Filter - .
Packet Capture - .
Event - .
, , , Hosts 1.3.6.1.2.1.16.4.
Token Ring.
RMON MIB 200 10 , - RFC 1271 Ethernet RFC 1513 Token Ring.
RMON MIB ( MIB-I MIB-II, TCP/IP). , .
Statistics, , ( ) Ethernet RMON. History Statistics, Statistics.
Statistics .
etherStatsDropEvents - , - . .
etherStatsOrtets - ( ), ( ).
etherStatsPkts - ( ).
etherStatsBroadcastPkts - , .
etherStatsMulticastPkts - , .
etherStatsCRCAlign Errors - , ( ) 64 1518 , (alignment error) (FCS error).
etherStatsUndersizePkts - , , 64 , .
etherStatsOversizePkts - , , 1518 , .
etherStatsFragments - , , 64 .
etherStatsJabbers - , , 1518 .
etherStatsCollisions - Ethernet.
etherStatsPkts640ctets - ( ) 64 .
etherStatsPkts65to1270ctets - ( ) 65 127 .
etherStatsPktsl28to2550ctets - ( ) 128 255 .
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etherStatsPkts256to5110ctets - ( ) 256 511 .
etherStatsPkts512tol0230ctets - ( ) 512 1023 .
etherStatsPktsl024tol5180ctets - ( ) 1024 1518 .
, RMON, , Ethernet Fast Ethernet. , History ( ). ( Filter), . , Packet Capture.
RMON 2, RMON MIB , .
SNMP
SNMP , , .
. , , - community string. SNMP , , community string , , . , , , . SNMP v.2 , , .
UDP ( SNMP) ( trap) , . SNMP, . ( CMIP OSI .) . , HP 0V Telecom DM TMN, TMN ISO, SNMP, SNMP .
OSI
OSI - OSI Management Framework - ISO/IEC 7498-4: Basic Reference Model, Part 4, Management Framework. , .
ISO/IEC 7498-4 .
.
.
.
.
.
7.1, .
ISO , SNMP, .
. 7.9, (Management Protocol) (Systems Management Application Entities, SMAE). SMAE OSI . OSI - , . SMAE .
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. 7.9. SMAE
OSI SNMP, . , , - notifications.
, , . X, (managed object), . , , . , . .
Internet I, , ISO .
, , , .
OSI . SMAE, , , .
OSI . OSI , , , , . , , . OSI.
, . OSI (Application Context, AC). AC OSI, .
, OSI OSI ( , OSI), SNMP TCP/IP.
OSI , ( ) . , ftp, telnet NCP, - , , . OSI .
ACSE (Association Control Service Element). . (, ) OSI . (shared).
RTSE (Reliable Transfer Service Element). , , .
ROSE (Remote Operations Service Element). ( RPC).
CMIP, OSI , , ROSE .