φ0Fe2+∕ Fe0 = - 0,44B φ0Ag+∕ Ag0 = + 0,799B
) Fe0 →2e + Fe2+ K) 2AgNO3 → 2Ag+ +2NO3-;
2Ag+ +2e → 2Ag0
Fe0 + 2Ag+ → 2Ag0 + Fe2+
Fe0 + 2 AgNO3 → 2Ag0 + Fe(NO3)2
= φ0 - φ0A = φ0Ag+∕ Ag0 - φ0Fe2+∕ Fe0 = 0,799 (-0,44) = 1,239
.
1. || ().
2. ().
: 1.
Fe0 + 2Ni+3OOH +2H2O → 2Ni2+(OH)2 + Fe2+(OH)2
←
φ0Fe2+∕ Fe0 = - 0,44B; φ0Ni3+∕ Ni2+ = + 0,49B
) Fe0 →2e + Fe2+; Fe2+ + 2OH- → Fe2+(OH)2
K) 2Ni+3OOH + 2e +2H2O → 2Ni2+(OH)2 + 2OH-
=60 -65% = 1,48|
2. -
Cd0 + 2Ni+3OOH +2H2O → 2Ni2+(OH)2 + Cd2+(OH)2; = 1,45
←
:
Pb + PbO2 + 2H2SO4 → 2PbSO4 + 2H2O
←
- A) Pb0 2e → Pb2+; Pb2+ + SO42- → PbSO4
+ K) Pb4+ + 2e → Pb2+; Pb4+O2 + 2e + SO42- + 4H+ → PbSO4 + 2H2O
= 2|; = 80% (2 5 )
: , - . .
( 250)
ݰ, | |
Li+/Li | -3,045 |
Rb+/Rb | -2,925 |
+/ | -2,924 |
Cs+/Cs | -2,923 |
Ra2+/Ra | -2,916 |
2+/ | -2,905 |
Sr2+/Sr | -2,888 |
2+/ | -2,864 |
Na+/Na | -2,771 |
3+/ | -2,600 |
La3+/La | -2,522 |
Y3+/Y | -2,372 |
Mg2+/Mg | -2,370 |
Sc3+/Sc | -2,077 |
Be2+/Be | -1,847 |
Al3+/Al | -1,700 |
Ti3+/Ti | -1,208 |
Mn2+/Mn | -1,192 |
Cr2+/Cr | -0,852 |
Zn2+/Zn | -0,763 |
Ga3+/Ga | -0,560 |
Fe2+/Fe | -0,441 |
Cd2+/Cd | -0,404 |
In3+/In | -0,338 |
Co2+/Co | -0,277 |
Ni2+/Ni | -0,234 |
Sn2+/Sn | -0,141 |
Pb2+/Pb | -0,126 |
H+/H2 | 0,000 |
SbIII/Sb | +0,240 |
ReIII/Re | +0,300 |
BiIIII/Bi | +0,317 |
Cu2+/Cu | +0,338 |
Hg22+/Hg | +0,796 |
Ag+/Ag | +0,799 |
Rh3+/Rh | +0,800 |
Pd2+/Pd | +0,915 |
PtII/Pt | +0,963 |
Au+/Au | +1,691 |
- .
: 1) - || - | ( , , || , |)
2) - , || -|| , || .
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:
1. .
2. .
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:
) (H2O + O2) ;
) - (HCl, HBr, HI, H2SO4(), H2CO3, H2S, ) .