( )
.
5
-220700.65-01.05
:
.. 12-21 ..
: . .
2010
: .
.
.
: 2-3 . , , . , ( , , .. ). . , , . . ().
CuSO4 * 5 H2O → CuSO4 + 5 H2O ↑
CuSO4 + 5 H2O → CuSO4 * 5 H2O
- , .
: 6 10 . 2 2. l, 3 2. NaOH, . 1 , 1 - . .
: :
1
8,0-9,8 | (pH<8.0) | (pH>9.8) | - (8.0<pH<9.8) | |
3,1-4,4 | ) (pH<3.1) | (pH>4.4) | (3.1<pH<4.4) |
: ) . 1- 2 .
:
1. l - + NH4 + + H2O + → (++Cl-+NH4OH)
. , , .
.
: ) 2-3 .
FeCl3+3 NaOH= Fe(OH)3 +3NaCl
Fe +3Cl +3Na +3OH =Fe(OH)3 +3Cl +3Na
Fe +3OH = Fe(OH)3
(1:1), . , .
|
|
2CHC3OONa+ H2SO4=2CHC3OOH+ Na2SO4
2H +2CHC3OO +2Na +SO4 =2CHC3OOH+ 2Na +SO4
CHC3OO +H CHC3OOH
) 5-7 . 3, .
CaCl2 + Na2CO3 = CaCO3↓ +2NaCl
Ca +2Cl +2Na + CO3 = CaCO3↓ +2Na + CO3
Ca + CO3 = CaCO3 ↓
(1:1) . , , .
Na2CO3 + H2SO4 = Na2SO4 + H2O + CO2↑
2H + SO4 +Na + CO3 = H2O +CO2↑ +2Na + SO4
2H + CO3 = H2O +CO2↑