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, , (Open System Interconnection, OSI), (International Standards Organization, ISO). ISO/OSI. . , . , . , , . , . : , , , , , (Ethernet 802.3) (IEEE 802.11) . , - .
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OSI. \^\ vi . :
APPC(Advanced Program-to-Program Communication) SNA- IBM, AS/400;
FTAM (File Transfer Access and Management) OSI ;
.400 CCITT ;
.500 CCITT ;
SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) ;
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FTP (File Transfer Protocol) ;
SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) ;
Telnet ;
Microsoft SMBs (Server Message Blocks, ) ;
NCP (Novell NetWare Core Protocol) Novell;
Apple Talk Apple Share Apple;
AFP (AppleTalk Filling Protocol) Apple;
DAP (Data Access Protocol) DECnet.
. :
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) TCP/I- , ;
SPX IPX/SPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange/Sequential Packet Exchange) , , Novell; NWLink IPX/SPX Microsoft;
NetBEUI [NetBIOS (Network Basic Input/Output System) Extended User Interface ] (NetBIOS) (NetBEUI);
ATP (AppleTalk Transaction Protocol), NBP (Name Binding Protocol) Apple.
. : , , . , , , Ethernet Token Ring. :
IP (Internet Protocol) TCP/I- ;
IPX (Internetwork Packet Exchange) NetWare ;
NWLink IPX/SPX Microsoft;
NetBEUI , NetBIOS;