- . , , , . , , , - . .
(Computer Network) , .
, , . , . .
, . "" "" : , (.1.)
( ). , .
1 / = 23 / = 8 /,
1 / = 210 / = 1024 /,
1 / = 210 / = 1024 /,
1 / = 210 / = 1024 /.
(, , , ..), .
, . , , , , . : .
(Local Area Network, LAN) , ( , 1-2 ). , . , (.2.)
, .. , (, , ) . .
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10 , . , , -. , .
, , : -; -; - ; -; - . | , : - - - |
(Wide Area Network, WAN) , , ( ) . , (, ). , (. 3).
(Metropolitan Area Network, MAN). / , ( , 100 ), . , (. 4).
. 3 . 4
.
, , , , . (Internet) ( ""), , .
. , , .. . : .
.
(cable), , , , , , . :
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ü (coaxial cable);
ü " " (twisted pair);
ü (fiber optic).
, :
185 500 | 10 / | |
30 100 | 10 / 1 / | |
2 | 10 / 2 / |
(coaxial cable)
, . , , , , / . . " " (Thicknet) " " (Thinnet). 10 /. 185 500 .
" "
" " (twisted pair), . , . , , , . " " ("Shielded twisted pair") " " ("Unshielded twisted pair"). , , / , . " " 10 / 1 /. 100 ( 100 /) 30 (1 /).
, , . , . , . , , . 100 /c 2 /. 2 .
" "
. , "". "-" ("point-to-point").
"-" |
"-".
"-"
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.
, , . : "" ("bus"), "" ("ring"), ""("star").
, "". . - - "" (terminator). , . "" :
ü , , ;
ü "" .
; , , . : , -. "" , "":
ü ;
ü .
"" , "" (hub), . . , , . .