IP-.
IP-.
IP-.
31) IP- loopback. ?
127.0.0.0
32) ICMP?
33) ARP-?
35) ?
36) ? Ÿ .
2
1) ?
- , .
2.
2)
3) IP. .
4) ID IP?
Identifications ,
, (16 )
5) Flags IP?
Flags 0 DF MF
DF 0 / 1
MF 0 / 1
6) Fragment Offset IP?
Fragment offset -
() (13 )
7) TTL IP?
TTL (8 )
8) Protocol IP?
Protocol (8 )
9) IP-? IP-?
10) IP-? IP-?
11) ICMP .
12) ICMP- ECHO.
ICMP- Destination Unreachable.
3
1) *** .
2) ***
3) *** .
4) *** .
5) *** ARP-?
():
1. IP- ( ). .
2. IP- ( ). .
3. 211.32.14.05/24 255.255.255.255. ( ) .
|
|
|
4. 211.32.14.05/24 188.134.255.255. ( ) .
??? 1. IP- 3 , :
10.0.0.0 10.255.255.255 /8
172.16.0.0 172.31.255.255 /12
192.168.0.0 192.168.255.255 /16
2.
IP- , .
2. IP- ( ). .
:
IP- 10.172.12.5/12
8 , 12 ( 8 ). IP- : 00001010.10101100.00001100.00000101 , 12 , . : 00001010.10100000.00000000.00000000 = 10.160.0.0 , 00001010.10101111.11111111.11111111 = 10.175.255.255 . , .. 10.160.0.1 10.175.255.254
3. 211.32.14.05/24 255.255.255.255 211.32.14.0/24
4. 188.134.255.255 188.134.0.0
