t3 = K1 
=RC
R
R = t3 / C (1.8)
, R :
1.4 -
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1.5 : - K = F(f); = F(f)
1.6 -
R ( . 1.4 ).
tp = Roc R .
tp , Roc.
Roc :
-
R ( )
1 / R £ 1 / R + 1 / R, R £ U 0 / ∆ I. (1.11)
R = 1 / a,
a = 10 
10 
- , ; .
1.1.5
R C (. . 1.4), (), (. . 1.6).
K ¥, U = - R C (dU1/dt), RC = t , .
R = Z Zc = 1/jwC (1.12)
(1.12) , . , (. . 1.5, ).
C = 0,01 1 [1]
: t = RocC.
, Roc.
Roc :
Rmin = U max.oy / I max.oy; Rmax = 100 1 .
(1.12) .
1.2
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: () , .. , VT1, VT3, VT2, VT4.
VD1 VD3 R4, R5 .
( 5 ) () , () . , ( ) .
, () , 510% . U, I = (0,050,15)I max (. 1.11).
() , , () . , . , , .
2.
(. . .1 . .2 ):
- , ~ U.;
- , ~ U. ;
- , R.;
- , f.;
- , t.;
- , t.
2.1
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() DA1 (. . 1.8).
DA1 () ʅą, ~U ~U [6,15]. : E.(U.); I.; U max ; I.max.; R.; K; f. [6,15].
[1] .
1 = 0,001 1.
1 , UC1>>2E [12, 13].
t = R1 C1, *.
t 1, R1. R1 = t / 1, /
R1, E24 [7, 8].
R1 (1.9): 
Rmin (I max oy) [6].
R3.
R3 C1 , tp = R3 × C1, tp = 10t ( ), R3 = tp / C1.
24 R3 (1.10) [7, 8]:
R2 R1, R3.
R2 @ R1.
(1.7) fmax () :
U = U K, . U U, (. ) DA2, , .. *.
2.2
() DA1 (. . 1.9).
DA1 () ʅą., ~U ~U [6, 15]. : E.(U.); I.; U max ; I.max.; R.; K; f. [6, 15].
[1].
1 = 0,001 1.
1 , , UC1>>2E [12, 13].
t = R1 C1, × .
t C1, R1 R1 = t / 1.
R1 E24[7, 8].
R1 (1.10):
Rmin = (U max.oy / I max.oy) 
R1 Rmax = 100 1 .
. , 17
(. ) 20 30 % .. 1,3 .
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: 0,25; 0,4; 0,6; 1,2; 2,4; 3; 4; 5; 6; 9 (10); 12; 15; 20; 24; 27; 30; 40; 48; 60; 80; 100; [9].
R2 R1, C1. R1 Zc
(1.12) fmin ()
, K = -2pf minC1 R1 (. . 1.9.).
fmin
U = U . U U, (. ) DA2, , .. *.
2.3
2.3.1
R ~U. . 18
, , (. . 1.10) P = U² / R.
I.max ( I) I.max =I=U / R.
E = 1,2U + ∆U,
∆U = (0,52) , (. . 1.11).
E , , . [9].
VT3, VT4. , , I [5, 7, 14].
P = P P,
P = E I , .
P, , I = I VT3,VT4, ( ) 1530 % [5, 7, 14]. , Imax=(1,151,3)I
I max ≥ I; U max ≥ 2E; P max ≥ P; fmax ≥ 2fp max.
[14]:
h'21 min; U' max; I' max; f 'max; P' max.
DA1 ( ), , ʅą ʅͅ (. . 1.10) [6]. U. 1530% . 19
1.7 -
1.8 - ()
, , U.max () U , ( , ) , .
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, , I max oy, U. .. [6, 15].
i:
Ki = I / I max oy.
Ki h21 . VT3, VT4, , (. . 1.7) ( . ), VT1, VT2.
, VT1,VT2
h21 VT1 = Ki / h21 VT3
VT1
I VT1 = I VT3 = I VT3 / h21 VT3.
VT1, VT2, , , . . 1530 % [5, 14].
( ) - (. . 1.11). - 21
. ( ) , , ϻ .
:
E = I R + ∆U.
, U = U = E I = 0,
I I = (0,050,15)I m, VT2 I=I2. I m U.m U (. . 1.11).
I I (. . 1.11,) ϻ . I,, , I U.,, . (. . 1.11). U =Uc, U- .
(VD1VD3) , U max > 2E., .
( ) () . U. (. 1.10) VT3, 3U VT3, U. , U=U., - () [16] U.. I., 22
1.10 - : (DA1); VT1VT4
, . 1.11, U=3 U.VT2=2,4, 2=24 3 2502 (502). 502 I.=f(U.) U.=0,8 I.=18, I= I.=18. 23
1.11 - ( ): - (, ), - () () ( )
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3 18. . : - () 502: U.=1, I.=20, U.=30 [16].
ϔ ,
I ³ (25) IVT1. 24
I VT1 VT1, I VT3 VT3.
I.VT1 = I.VT1 / h21 VT1, I VT1 = I VT3.
R4 R5 (. 1.10):
U. =U .
R4(R5), E24 [7,8].
R4 (R5) :
P = I² R4.
2.3.3
( ) () DA1 (. . 1.10).
U U (. . 1.8, 1.9, 1.10) U , . . U = U ; U = U (. . 1.10)
K ( R3) (1.1):
K = - (R3 / R1) = U / U (. . 1.10).
R3, R1. 25
R2 (1.2) R1 R3 
.
R1, R2, R3 E24 [7, 8]
(: 2.728-74, 2.730-73, 2.743-82) 2.701-84 2.702-75 - () . . (. ). [10, 11]. (. ) 26 . 142 . [10].
:
1 . . , , .
3. (. 1.10) (, ) ( ) : R1 R3; R2 R4; R3 R5; DA1 DA2; R4 R6; R5 R7.
: 26
- (. );
- (, τ = R1*1, τ ; R1 ; 1 );
- ( ) U , .. U. . < U U. . < U, DA1 (. . 1.10) DA2 (. ) ., U = * . * U U = * . * U ;
- , (..1.8) R→ ∞, 20-50 ;
- .. (U.) (), ~U ~U < < .;
I. = I2 (
); I , .
, , (), () , , , , .
1. ( ), () [ 2- : () ].
2. () ( ) .
3. - , - ( ).
4. -
5. - () .
6.
