.


:




:

































 

 

 

 


. IP- , Internet




- , , Internet. ? , . , . RFC 1918; , , - .

Internet. , Internet , , , . , , Internet. :

10.0.0.0 10.255.255.255 ( ).

172.16.0.0 172.31.255.255 (16 ).

192.168.0.0 192.168.255.255 (256 ).

, , Internet, TCP/IP , . , Internet - , IP-. Microsoft Internet Security and Acceleration Server. -, IP- , , Internet , 1-.

Internet , Internet . , , , Internet . , .

?

, , , , . , .

, . w.x.y.z, () . , IP-, 1. ( 8- . 1 , 1.) , 192.168.222.17 255.255.255.0 ( ), , ( z)

 

192.168.222.17 192.168.223.25 255.255.255.0, , , , . , IP- 192.168.222.129 192.168.222.50, . , .

, , ; - ( IP- Internet CIDR), - , . (, .) , , , . , , () , , . , 192.168.1.0/26 255.255.192.0, , 61 .

 

. , , . 255.0.0.0; 255.255.0.0; 255.255.255.0. . Microsoft Windows Server 2003 Resource Kit (Microsoft Press, 2003).

- . , . , , .

 

12- IP- ( 192.168.101.102) , . , 12- , .

IP version 6 128 , , 32 , . ( IP version 6 128 , .) , . TCP/IP Internet.

 

, , . , 255.255.255.0 IP- , 222, IP- , 223.

IP- ? : , .

( , ), . 222 223 . , , 222 222 223 223.

, , , . , .

. , , , , NetWare Windows. , , ( 1-). . , , ( ), , . , , .

, , , , . TCP/IP, .

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP ). IP- (- ), IP-, .

Routing Information Protocol (RIP - ). , RIP-. ( ), RIP , .

Open Shortest Path First (OSPF ). , , . , . , .

(DNS)

(DNS Domain Name System) 80- . 1984 . IP- . Windows 2000 DNS , Active Directory. ( , Active Directory, LDAP.) DNS , , .

. DNS . RFC 1591, RFC 1034 RFC 1035. RFC 2136 ( DNS), Windows Server 2003, Windows Windows 2000.

, (.) . , , .

, Internet DNS, , , FTP (Hosts.txt). . , Internet, .

DNS Hosts.txt .

. , . ( ) .EDU . . , .

Internet , , DNS, . , .it , .. . . 3.

()

http://www.microsoft.com , ? www.microsoft.coml , DNS, TCP/IP (TCP/IP Properties) . DNS , ?

-, , , . , DNS, DNS- . -, DNS . - , DNS , Internet, DNS- DNS.

 

LDAP

LDAP (Lightweight Directory Access Protocol) Active Directory. DNS, LDAP Active Directory. LDAP TCP/IP, Active Directory LDAP 2 3. , LDAP , Active Directory. Active Directory LDAP . . 2.

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol)

, , TCP/IP, , IP-. , , Internet. , IP- , , . DHCP , .

DHCP IP-, . , , .

DHCP

IP-, - IP-. DHCP, , IP- . DHCP IP- . DHCP , , IP- , DHCP.

DHCP

DHCP UDP, DHCP (, , ) , . , DHCP, . , DHCP , DHCP.

10000 . . 35.

WINS (Windows Internet Name Service)

Microsoft MS- DOS. API Microsoft, Windows 2000.

- NetBIOS 15 , () , . - , .

 

 

17

. Microsoft Windows Server 2003 . Windows Server 2003 , , , . , , , - , - , . , Microsoft Windows 2000 Windows Server 2003, , .

,

, .

(Physical drive). , , , .. .

(Partition). . , .

(Allocation unit). . .

(Primary Partition). ,

. MS- DOS , Microsoft Windows NT, Windows 2000 Windows Server 2003 . .

(Extended partition). , . , .

(Extended volume). , ( ); , .

, .

(Logical drive). . , .

(Logical volume). .

(Basic disk). , ( ) . Disk Management ( ), () .

(Dynamic disk). Disk Management , .

(Volume). , .

(Simple volume). Disk Management. - ; () .

RAID ( redundant array of independent disks). , , ; , RAID- 0, RAID-1, RAID-5 .. , .

(Spanned volume). , . , - , . , , , .

(Striped volume). , . . , , . RAID- 0, .

(Mirror volume). , . , . , , . . RAID-1.

RAID-5. , . . RAID-5 , , .

(SLED - single large expensive disk). ; RAID. . , . , . .

 

( Disk Management)

, , Windows Server 2003. .

 

 

RAID

RAID ( ) , , , , . - RAID , RAID 1988 . . - , RAID, . , , .

RAID . *101 , , , . ' RAID, .

Windows Server 2003 RAID 0, 1 5. , .

 

, .

.

, , .

RAID, RAID-10 ( RAID 0+1), (RAID-0) (RAID-1), .

RAID , . .

 

:

 

Ethernet. . Ethernet 10 / , - . Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, 100 /, , Gigabit Ethernet, 1000 /.

Ethernet , . Ethernet , . , , , (promiscuous mode), , , . (, ), .

Ethernet . ( ) Ethernet. , . , , (, ). Ethernet . , .

,
lOBaseT  
10Base2  
10Base5  

 

 

RDDI

Ethernet , ()

CRC- .

Cmd: ipconfig /all .

Token ring ( ). , . (token), , . , , , , .

 

TokenRing

(token ring) . TokenRing IBM, IBM . IEEE 802.5, (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, IEEE)

IEEE 802.5 , (token). ( , , .) , . , , , . , Ethernet , Ethernet , . . ( ) , . , , .

 

FDDI

FDDI (Fiber Distributed Data Interface) , . 100 /, FDDI / .

FDDI, ANSI (American National Standards Institute) ISO, ( ISO/OSI) . ( ANSI ISO .) . FDDI , . . , . FDDI , . FDDI 6- .

 

1 /

1/ . 1 1,544 /, 44,763 /. 1 24 64 /, . , , - ] , . 1 , , Web-.

ISDN

1 (telephone carrier), (Integrated Services Digital Network, ISDN) CCITT , - J . - j , , ISDN - . , | ISDN , () , -1 (, , ). ISDN , 5 6 , .

 

 

WiF i- Wi-Fi Wi-Fi Alliance IEEE 802.11

Ethernet

Wi-Fi . - (Ad-hoc), , . (SSID- ) 0,1 / 100 . SSID , , .

Wi-Fi

 

  • , / . , , , , , .
  • .
  • Wi-Fi . Wi-Fi.
  • Wi-Fi ( 100 ) , .

Wi-Fi

  • 2.4 GHz , , Bluetooth, , , .
  • Wi-Fi , Wi-Fi . : (, ), , .
  • - Wi-Fi , 13 / ( ).
  • WEP [8] (- ).
  • WPA WPA2(WIFI PROTECTED ACCESS) , , , - , .

MCDonald's VPA PSK , .

SSID- , (SSID- ) !

VPA Enterprise, . .

(. PKI - Public Key Infrastructure) - . , ().

PKI :

  1. ;
  2. , ;
  3. , ;
  4. , .

:

- , : (private key) (public key). , (, , , ).

( ), , . , , , . , .

, . , . , . , . , , , . , . , , .

 

PKI

, , , PKI. , PKI :

, , , .

, , ,

, , , , ,

(fingerprint)

, , . , (, ) , .

,

,

PKI

, , , PKI. , PKI :

, , , .

, , ,

, , , , ,

(fingerprint)

, , . , (, ) , .

,

,

- ()

. , . , , - .





:


: 2016-11-12; !; : 506 |


:

:

, .
==> ...

1565 - | 1366 -


© 2015-2024 lektsii.org - -

: 0.136 .