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() , . , , , . (), , . .
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, , . , , 20-40 % . , . , TCP , , .
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27. Fast Ethernet 100/. . .
1995 IEEE 802.3 IEEE 802.3u ( IEEE 802.3), 100- Fast Ethernet. (-
MAC LLC), CSMA/CD, . Ethernet Fast Ethernet .
10- 100- , 10 -
( 100 Ethernet). 2,6 , Fast Ethernet 205 .
Fast Ethernet - () ( ), 5 ( ) 3 ( ). .
( ) . ( -) .
(Reconciliation Sublayer) (Physical Layer Device), , (Media Independent Interface, MII).
, (, MAC), AUI, MII.
(4B/5B 8B/6T), (NRZI MLT-3) ,
(, ).
100BaseFX 1300 . , . FDDI
4B/5B NRZI. 412 , 2 ( 32 ). 100BaseFX 10BaseFL, .
100BaseTX (UTP Cat 5 STP Type 1). , ( ) 10- Ethernet. 100 . 4B/5B, MLT-3.
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100BaseT4 (UTP Cat 3). : ,
. 8B/6T, 33,3 /c 16 ( , 3 ).
, 100/c. 100 .
, 100BaseTX 100BaseT4, (auto-negotiation), , . -
5 ( ):
10BaseT, 10BaseT, 100BaseTX, 100BaseT4, 100BaseTX.
17- FLP (Fast Link Pulse), , . NLP
( 10BaseT ), , 10BaseT.
Fast Ethernet, 100BaseSX, 830 ( 300 ). 10BaseFL 10/100 /c.
, , I ( 4B/5B, 8B/6T) II ( ).
I 100baseFX, 100BaseTx, 100BaseT4, , , 140 bt. I. II 100BaseFX 100BaseTX, 100BaseT4. 92 bt (TX/FX) 67 bt (t4). II 2. Fast Ethernet 205 , 100 , ( II) 5 .
28. Gigabit Ethernet 1000 /. . .
Gigabit Ethernet : IEEE 802.3z (1998 ) IEEE 802.3ab (1999 ). Ethernet.
Ethernet Fast Ethernet, ( Fast Ethernet) 1. ,
200, 64 512 (4096 bt). , . ,
, . Gigabit Ethernet , , .
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(, ), (Burst Mode).
( 512 ), 8192 . .
IEEE 802.3z : 1000BaseSX, 1000BaseLX, 1000BaseCX.
1000BaseSX 850 . 100 .
800 .
1000BaseLX 1310 . 5 , 550 .
1000BaseCX (twinaxial) , ( 75 ) . -
. 25 , .
IEEE 802.3ab Gigabit Ethernet 5 - 1000BaseT. 5 ( PAM-5) . PAM-5 125 100 5 . , ,
. .
100VG-AnyLAN
IEEE 802.12 1995 100VG-AnyLAN, Demand Priority ( ) Ethernet Token Ring.
Hewlett-Packard AT&T. VG (Voice Grade, ) , AnyLAN ( ) Ethernet Token Ring. Demand Priority . , . , ( ). , , , . , , . , , , , . , 100VG-AnyLAN : MAC- . MAC- . , 100VG-AnyLAN , .
100VG-AnyLAN 4 3 ( ). 100VGF-AnyLAN, 5 .
3 ( 16 ), 100VG-AnyLAN ( ). -
25 /. 5B/6B, NRZ.
, . ( - -) 3 - 100 , 5 200 . 2 . 1024 ( 250).
100VG-AnyLAN , Ethernet 802.3, Token Ring 802.5, .
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100VG-AnyLAN , 100VG-AnyLAN Ethernet ( 100VG-
AnyLAN Ethernet). Ethernet 100VG-AnyLAN, , .
100VG-AnyLAN , , ..
100VG-AmyLAN ( Ethernet) Fast Ethernet, .