#133
: -10%, -25%, -45%, .
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#134
*! : -3,2 /, -25 /, - 136,0 /, - 4,2 /, - 2 /, - 5,8 /, 7,5 /
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* ,
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#135
*! ( - 5 ) - 15 ( - 10).
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#136
*! , .
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*
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#137
, (NO), , , -
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#138
*! ( ), , Ca2+ , .
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*VII-Va-X
*IX-VIII-3
*XII-XI-Va
*X-Va-3
*IX+VIII
#139
*! ( ), , Ca2+ , .
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XII-XI, IX-VIII-3, X-V-3
VII-Va-X, IX-VIII-3
XII-XI-Va, X-Va-3
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IX-VIII-3, IX-VIII
X-Va-3, IX-VIII
#140
*! "" , , - . : 1- , 2- (VII+ a2+) V + X , 3- , 4- ((3 + Ca 2+) VII, 5- .
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*1,2,3,4,5
*4,2, 5,1,3
*1,3,4,2,5
*2,5,4,1,3
*4,2,1,5,3
#141
*! "" . , - . : 1- , 2-IX+VIII+ Ca2++3, 3- , 4-X+V+ Ca2++3 , 5-XII+XI, 6- .
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*1,2,3,4,5,6
*4,2, 5,1,6,3
*1,3,5,2,4,6
*2,5,4,1,3,6
*4,6,2,1,5,3
#142
*! . . : 1- , 2- , 3- , 4- , 5- , 6- .
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*1,2,3,4,5,6
*4,2, 5,6,1,3
*1,3,4,2,6
*3,5,4,6
*4,2,1,5,3
#143
*!
*, , , -
*, , -,
*, - , 2
* 2, ,
*, , , 2
#144
*!, - .
- D-?
* Rh+, Rh+, Rh+
* Rh+, Rh+, Rh-
* Rh-, Rh-, Rh-
* Rh-, Rh+, Rh+
* Rh+, Rh-, Rh+
#145
*! 2 . .
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* (I) Rh +
* (I) Rh
*
*
*5 %
#146
*! .
: b 122 /, 3,81012/, 0,96; 10,8109/, : - 3%, 8%, 52%; 1%, 36%, 7%, - 1%, 17 /.
: 60 /; 18,0 /; 6 / ; - 4,3 /, 90 /, 1,5 /
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#147
*! .
: b 128 /, . 4,81012/, -0,8, 432109/, 16,5109/, : 9%, 61%, 2%, 22%, 6%, 22 /.
: 64 /, 38 /, 5,7 /, 68 /, 13,5 /
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*, , , ,
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*-2. *4*15*1*
#148
*! (/)
*130-150 Na+
*120-140 Na+
*3,0-8,0 K+
*3,0-7,0 K+
*2,5-2, 75 Ca2+
*1,5-2,75 Ca2+
*95-110 Cl -
*85-110 Cl -
*1-1,5 Mg+
#149
*!
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#150
*!
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*
#151
*!
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#152
*!
*
*
* NaCl
* NaCl
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#153
*!
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* 22
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#154