?
536
, . ( .) .
| know your sister? | |
| be busy? | |
| Can he | be ill? |
| be tired? | |
| be hungry? |
.
| Can he be | sleeping? working hard? watching TV? having dinner? playing football? |
| Can he have | forgotten your address? lost your book? missed the train? caught cold? fallen ill? left the country? sold his piano? bought a car? |
537
, , , , , , , , , can't ."
1. "But they can't be as bad as he!" 2. Can you tell me the way to the nearest post office? 3. A little bit of boiled fish can't hurt you, you know. 4. Could you help me with the translation of this article? I am afraid I cannot do it alone. 6. He shut himself up in the study for the whole day, and I could see through the window that he was writing busily. 6. Can she have been waiting for us all this time? 7. She can't come tomorrow because they will be working the whole day. 8. I simply could not refuse: they would have been hurt. 9. He was not old. He couldn't have been more than forty. 10. Could you
leave the boy here for half an hour? I want him to help me. 11. "Oh!" she cried in surprise, "it's impossible! You can't have done it!" 12. The island can be reached by boat or even on foot when the tide is low.
538
, , , .
E.g. Yesterday I saw Pete in the assembly hall.
You can't have seen Pete in the assembly hall yesterday.
1. The teacher permitted us to use the dictionary. 2. Nick got up at seven and did his morning exercises. 3. It was Kate who aired the room. 4. There were a lot of pupils in the library yesterday. 5. It was John who broke the radio set. 6. I saw Ann in the library yesterday. 7. Boris was in the canteen five minutes ago. 8. Robert took two bags with him.
9. That was Ann who plugged in the tape recorder.
10. Nick has been doing the recording for two hours
already. 11. It was Mary who rewound the tape.
12. The teacher let me take the tape home.
539
, , , .
E.g. This old bracelet was found in Africa.
This old bracelet can't have been found in Africa.
1. This car was produced twenty years ago. 2. These photographs were taken in the north. 3. This tape recording was done last week. 4. James was given an excellent mark in history. 5. Ann was given an excellent mark for her geometry test. 6. This house was built at the beginning of this century.
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432 .
7. This tower was built in the 9th century. 8. This book was written by a very good writer. 9. This film was made by a very good director. 10. This play was written by a very clever playwright. 11. This film has been shot in a fortnight. 12. This book was translated into Russian in the 19th century. 13. This castle was built in the 15th century. 14. This picture was painted by an Italian artist. 15. This computer was built ten years ago.
540
, can't.
E.g. I don't believe he is at home now. He can't be at home now.
1. I don't believe that you are serious. 2. It is impossible that she is a traitor. 3.1 can't believe that he has made such an important discovery. 4. I can't believe that the teacher has forgotten to correct our homework. 5. I don't believe the work is too difficult for my friend. 6. I don't believe Jane made such a mistake. 7. It is impossible that the cat ate all the fish. 8. I don't believe that our papers were so poor.
9. It is impossible that you believed such a silly lie.
10. It is impossible that he has stolen the money.
11. I don't believe that they have heard the story before. 12. I don't think that she is good at physics.
541
, can't.
1. , . 2. , . 3. , . . 4. , .
. 5. , . 6. , . 7. - , . 8. - , . 9. , . 10. , . 11. , . 12. , . 13. , .
542
, .
1. ? . 2. , . 3. , . 4. , . 5. ? 6. ? 7. ! 8. ! 9. , . 10. ? 11. , : . 12. , . 13. , . 14. ? 15. , . . 16. , . , - .
543
could. , .
1.... you (to ask) my sister to help you? I am very busy today. 2.... it (to be) seven o'clock now? 3. You
434 .
435
... not (to see) her at the party. She was at home working at her English. 4. He... not (to forget) your request: he is very attentive to people. 5. I should be very happy if you... (to visit) us in the village. 6. I don't believe her, she... not (to forget) to bring the book. She simply did not want to bring it. 7. He said he... (to finish) the task by Monday. 8. No, they... not (to be) twins. 9. He said we... (to use) his computer. 10. She was so tired. She... (to sleep) for a week. 11. No, you... not (to have) another piece of cake. 12. Our son... (to speak) Russian and English before he was six. He is bilingual. 13.... I call my friend from your phone? 14.... I (to have) the last piece of your Christmas turkey? 15. We... not really (to decide) where to go on vacation. We might go to Italy, or we might go to France. Last summer we visited Canada and... (to see) the Niagara Falls.
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544
, can (could) may (might).
1. , . 2. ? 3. , : . 4. , . 5. , : . 6. ? 7. , . 8. : , , . 9. ? . . 10. , : . 11. . , . 12. , ,
. 13. . , . , . 14. , . 15. , . 16. , . 17. , , , . 18. , , . 19. , . , , . 20. , . . , . .
545
, must, may can't.
1. I am sure you are tired: you have been working for hours. 2. Perhaps he visited the Hermitage when he was in St. Petersburg last year. 3. I am sure it is a very deep lake. 4. Probably that building in the distance is the station. 5.1 don't believe you have lost your passport; probably you have put it into another bag. 6. Perhaps the girl was frightened. 7. Probably you left your textbook in the canteen. 8.1 don't believe they will give up such a brilliant idea. 9. You look pale. Probably you are tired. 10. I don't believe that this boy is a good friend.
546
, must, may can't.
1. : . 2. , , . 3. , ,
436 .
. 4. , . 5. , . 6. , . 7. , , . 8. , , . 9. , , . 10. , . 11. , , . 12. , , . 13. , . 14. , ( ). 15. , , . 16. , , , . 17. , ( ). 18. , . , , . 19. , . 20. , . 21. , : . 22. , , . 23. : .
|
|
|
| SHOULD | |
| You should work more seriously.- | - |
| . | |
| : | |
| You should do it. | |
| (). | |
| You should have done it. | |
| (). | |
| You should not do it. | |
| (). | |
| You should not have done it. | - |
| (). |
:
You should have done it. ( )
You should not have done it. ( )
547
, should , .
E.g. Her diction is not very good, (to read aloud) She should read aloud.
1. I have a slight irritation in my throat, (to smoke less) 2. This child doesn't want to eat soup, (not to give her sweets before dinner) 3. She makes a lot of spelling mistakes, (to copy passages out of a book) 4. The dog is afraid of him. (not to shout at the dog) 5. The students are unable to follow what I am saying, (not to speak so fast) 6. The boy is a little pale, (to play out of doors) 7. I am afraid you will miss that train, (to take a taxi) 8. There is no one in. (to try the room next door)
548
.
1. You should know how to raise your children not to be losers. 2. You shouldn't give the child everything he wants. You shouldn't satisfy his every craving for food, drink and comfort. Otherwise, he will grow up to believe the world owes him a living. 3. You shouldn't laugh at him when he Ricks up bad words. This will make him think he isn't cute. It won't also encourage him to pick up "cuter" phrases. 4. You shouldn't avoid use of the word "wrong".
438 .
This won't condition him to believe, later, when he is arrested for stealing a car, that society is against him. 5. You shouldn't pick up everything he leaves lying around books, shoes and clothing. You shouldn't do everything for him, otherwise, he will be experienced in throwing all responsibility onto others. Your child should know and do his duties at the expected time. He should have sense of responsibility. He should be a decent person. 6. You shouldn't quarrel frequently in the presence of your child. Otherwise, he will not be too shocked when the home is broken up later. 7. You shouldn't take his part against neighbours, teachers and policemen. They aren't all prejudiced against your child. 8. When he gets into trouble, you shouldn't apologize for yourself by saying, "I never could do anything with him."
549
, ( ) .
E.g. 1) I bought that book spending a lot of money. You should not have bought the book. 2) I did not buy that book.
You should have bought the book.
1. So I took the child to the cinema. 2. We forgot to leave a message for her. 3. We did not wait for them because it was beginning to rain. 4. I did not put down her address and now I don't know how to find her. 5. I did not explain to her how to get here. 6. I bought a pair of red shoes to go with my new dress. 7. So I told her frankly what we all thought about her idea. 8. I have not seen the film, and now it is too late because it is no longer on. 9. My pen was leaking, so I wrote with a pencil. 10.1'am afraid I ate too much cake with my tea.
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550
, should ( Indefinite Infinitive Perfect Infinitive).
A. 1. . 2.
. 3.
. 4.
. 5. . 6.
-. 7.
. 8. -
.
B. 1. . 2.
. 3.
. 4.
. 5.
. 6. -.
7. . 8.
- .
551
, should ( Indefinite Infinitive Perfect Infinitive).
1. . 2. . 3. : . 4. . 5. . 6. . 7. . 8. . 9. . 10. . 11.
440 .
. 12. () . 13. . 14. . 15. . 16. . 17. . 18. , . 19. . 20. .
21. .
22. .
:
You needn't have done it. ( )
You shouldn't have done it. (, )
552
, should, shouldn't needn't.
E.g. 1) A boy was impolite to a girl and did not apologize. You should have apologized to the girl.
2) A pupil did all the exercises in writing even those which were meant for oral practice. You needn't have done all the exercises in writing.
3) Your aunt is running a temperature. You should consult the doctor.
What will you say to the person who:
1) crossed the street under the red light?
2) doesn't cross the street when the lights are
green?
3) doesn't want to cross the street by the subway?
4) doesn't take off his hat when entering a room?
5) did not help his classmate to clean the classroom?
6) has a splitting headache?
7) bought bread which was not necessary?
8) was not present at the meeting?
9) sent a telegram which was quite unnecessary?
10) went out without his coat and caught cold?
11) apologized for asking you a question?
12) didn't attend a very important lecture?
13) got up at six o'clock on Sunday morning, which was not at all necessary?
14) read till two o'clock in the morning?
15) copied the whole text into his exercise book?
16) watered the garden, and it is raining now?
17) hasn't returned the books to the library?
:
You should have done it. ( )
