Deposits are liabilities of a bank. The two most important kinds of deposits are sight deposits and time deposits. Sight deposits can be withdrawn on sight whenever the depositor wishes and they are not paid interest on. Before time deposits can be withdrawn, the depositor must give a minimum period of notification to the bank. Time deposits are usually paid interest on.
:
I
6
1
My Family and Me
II
4
2
Economic Systems
III
6
3
Theory of Demand
IV
2
1. . 30 .
2. . 40 .
3. (. ).
......3
1......4
2....10
3....12
4....16
5....17
6....21
...23
1....24
7.....34
8.....35
9.....39
....41
2.....41
10.......50
11.......53
12.......54
13.......57
14.......59
15.......61
.......64
3....64
16,17.....73
1 77
2 ........89
3 ....92
4 .... 93
5 .... 94
셅...98
...99
()
һ ( )
-
080502
2010
: ... ..
()
һ ( )
-
080502
2010
: ... ..
- 080502 / .. . () . , 2010. 104 .
1, 2 , 080502 . , , , .
; , ; , , .
. , , , , , , - , , , .
, , ( ), . , , :
, , .
, .
, .
, . .
: 1) / , , 2) , 3) , 4) . , , .
, , : . , , , , .
, , , , , .
, , , , , , .
I
1.
I. to be. : .
II. . , .
III. . .
I. , to be :
1) to be :
She is a good student.
The children are in the yard.
2) to be :
Economics is a science that analyzes what, how and for whom society produces.
Market is the process by which production and consumption are coordinated through prices.
3) to be + OF + to be, :
This book on economics is of great interest.
Knowledge of foreign languages is of great importance to everybody.
4) aim, purpose, target, problemto be , ; , :
The aim of this book is to form a theory f the role of government in economic life.
The central economic problem is to reconcile the conflict between people's unlimited demands with society's ability to produce goods and services.
5) to be, , :
The market is to decide how much to produce.
Prices are to regulate production and consumption in a market economy.
6) to bethere is (are) (-):
In a free market economy there is not any government regulation of the consumption, production and exchange of goods.
There are some factors influencing demand for a good.
1. , to be :
Exports are goods and services sold to other countries.
When prices are not so high as the equilibrium price, there is excess demand (shortage).
Demand is the quantity of a good that buyers wish to buy.
The study of economics is of great use even to those students who have no wish to become professional economists.
What is the central economic problem of a society?
Professional marketing services are of great value to producers and sellers.
The firm is to start producing the new equipment.
Supply is the quantity of a good that sellers wish to sell.
The economist is to foresee the market price rise.
Economic statistics is of interest to economic policy decision-makers.
The problem of the consumer is to choose the particular goods and services within the limits imposed by his budget.
Economic theory is the part of the study of economics that examines and explains how the economic system is affected by man's behaviour, by nature, markets and governments.
There are a lot of factors in agriculture that must be assumed as risks by the farmers.
The aim of macroeconomics is to examine and explain economic facts for the total nation, such as the total money supply, production, consumption, etc.
Profit is the revenue from selling the output minus the costs of inputs used.
Harvest failures () are the most important reason for changes in agricultural product supply, but there are other reasons as well.
When there is a harvest failure, the producers' supply will decrease.
Excess supply is a situation in which, at a certain price, the quantity of a good demanded by buyers is less than the quantity supplied by producers.
II. , , , , , :
1) "" ;
2) , .
market economy
government restrictions
economics study
demand information
farm economics expert
oil price restriction
farm produce price increase
2. , :
. weather conditions, sea captain, land owner, gold seekers, trade company, language monuments, business environment, market place, log cabin, village postmaster, law books, state legislature, morning walks, game season, plate porters, uniform appearance, Sunday editions, gang fights, gossip columns, court musicians, love affairs, string quartets, art museum.
. government office, service price regulation, government planning, price mechanism, resource allocation, market mechanism, price level, production and consumption decisions, economy planning, economic policy decision-makers, resource allocation decisions, demanded quantity, supplied quantity, market supply change, coffee supply restrictions, land quality.
Present Progressiveto beam, is, are-ing. Present Progressive , , .
Past Simple-ed (V2). 2. (? ) did. did . Past Simple , .
Future Perfectshall ( : I , we ) / will ( ), have (V3). Future Perfect , .
ACTIVE VOICE
( )
3. , , , , - :
1. He will have been flying for 3 hours by the time the stewardess serves dinner.
2. Did you see the news on television last night?
3. My brother reads newspapers every day.
4. She will be planting roses at 4 oclock tomorrow.
5. I was walking home when I met Dave.
6. She lives in London, she doesn't live in Moscow.
7. I shall have cooked dinner by 9 oclock tomorrow morning.
8. Does your uncle go to work every day?
9. I didnt go to the cinema because I had already seen the film.
10. This time tomorrow they will be sitting in the train on their way to Chicago.
11. I am working in the garden now.
12. He will come at eight in the evening.
13. She had been walking for a long time before she found their house.
14. Lets meet at the station at 5 oclock. OK. I shall be waiting for you there.
15. Steve, what are you doing? - I am playing the piano now.
16. We shall go to the country next summer.
17. I have not been to China yet.
18. They had read the book by the end of the week.
19. My son will not meet you at the station.
20. He came up to the door, unlocked it and pushed it with his leg.
21. How many books on History have you read?
22. To whom is she writing a letter? She is writing a letter to her sister.
23. Bob has been working at this factory for 15 years and he is not going to retire.
24. We have not seen him for three days already.
25. If the price is higher than the equilibrium one, it will be falling till the equilibrium price is reached and there is no more surplus left.
2.
I. Market and Command Economies.
II. My Family and Me.
I. , to be, :
Market and Command Economies1
Economics is a science that analyses what, how, and for whom society produces. The central economic problem is to reconcile the conflict between people's unlimited demands with society's ability to produce goods and services.
In industrial Western countries markets are to allocate resources. The market is the process by which production and consumption are coordinated through prices.
In a command economy, a central planning office makes decisions on what, how, and for whom to produce. Economy cannot rely entirely on command, but there was extensive planning in many Soviet bloc countries. A free market economy has no government intervention. Resources are allocated entirely through markets.
Modern economies in the West are mixed and rely mainly on the market but with a large dose of government intervention. The optimal level of government intervention remains a problem which is of interest to economists.
The degree of government restrictions differs greatly between countries that have command economies and countries that have free market economies. In the former, resources are allocated by central government planning. In the latter, there is not any government regulation of the consumption, production, and exchange of goods. Between the two main types lies the mixed economy where market and government are both of importance.
II. My Family and Me, .
, :
My name is . I am years old. I study at Belovo Institute (branch) of Kemerovo State University. I am a first -year student at Economics faculty. I am going to be an economist. At present I dont work. I dedicate all my time to studies. My hobby is listening to music, dancing, playing football. My family is not large: my mother, my father (my brother, my sister) and me. My mothers name is . She is years old. She woks at school (hospital, railway station). She is a teacher (doctor, housewife). She likes cooking and gardening. My fathers name is . He is years old. He woks at mine Kolmogorovskaya. He is a driver (miner, militiaman). His hobby is watching TV and reading newspapers. We spend a lot of time together: we go shopping together, watch TV and have meals together. We go to see our relatives and friends together. Our family is friendly and united.
, :
My name is . I am years old. I study at Belovo Institute (branch)
.. , .. , ., 2005.
of Kemerovo State University. I am a first-year student at Economics faculty. I am going to be an economist. At present I work at Company , (school, library, ). I am a shop-assistant (secretary, accountant, ). I dedicate all my spare time to studies. My hobby is listening to music, dancing, playing football. My family is large: my husband, my daughter, two sons and me. My husbands name is . He is years old. He woks at school (open-cast mine, hospital, railway station). He is a teacher (miner, doctor, militiaman, driver). His hobbies are hunting, fishing and gardening. My daughters name is . She is years old. She goes to kindergarten (school). She likes drawing, playing badminton (ping-pong), watching cartoons. My sons names are . They are and years old. They go to kindergarten (school). The eldest like to play computer games and read books. The youngest is fond of music (sports: football, basketball, hockey). We spend a lot of time together: we like to travel by car in our region and neighbor-regions. Sometimes we travel by train to see our relatives and friends. Sometimes we travel by plane to the capital of our country and abroad.
3.
I. . .
II. . : , .
III. . .
I. I -ing. : read + -ing = reading
, -. :
a reading boy
a singing girl
, -. : Reading the new text the student didnt make any mistakes. , .
II , -ed, .
-, -, -. : produced , ; written
II ( ), ( ), . :
Customers can get information of all the produced goods in the catalogue. .
The goods produced by the company are in great demand. , , .
1. , :
Governments intervene in economies controlling the supply of money, limiting monopolies and helping private industries.
An improvement in technology will increase the supply of a good, increasing the quantity supplied at each possible price.
Governments regulate economic activities imposing some restrictions.
The governments can influence for whom goods are produced, taking income away from some people and giving it to others.
The high price for a good is the market mechanism telling suppliers it is now time to increase production.
The developing countries hope that the industrial countries will raise imports from the less developed countries imposing tariffs on imports from other industrial countries.
Income is money of all kinds coming in regularly to a person, family or organization.
Firms producing computers act as buyers in the markets for the services of computer programmers.
Reducing our imports, we decrease the exports of others.
At prices above equilibrium we have a situation known as excess supply, or surplus.
Exports are goods and services sold to other countries.
In free market economies changes in price are never results of regulations imposed by governments.
Imposing some restrictions on food prices, governments make it possible for all the people to buy enough food.
Knowing that their resources are limited, people make a decision how to allocate them in the best possible way ( ).
The government can regulate monopolies controlling the prices or supplying the products itself.
Excess supply is a situation in which, at a certain price, the quantity of a good demanded by buyers is less than the quantity supplied by producers.
The economist is interested in the role of costs and profits affecting the firm's supply decisions and the allocation of resources for producing particular goods.
II. . , - . , .
-er, -est, more, most . : large larger the largest; effective more effective the most effective. : good better the best; bad worse the worst; little less the least; many more the most; much more the most; far farther the farthest. :
