()
, . , .
, , . , , , . , , .
. .
, (). , , . . .
, .
, LAN ( 10 ). LAN , , , , . LAN . LAN , . , , .
, , WAN. , , , , .
WAN , . , , , .
, MAN ( WAN LAN) , () .
|
|
,
, .
- , ( ) , , , TCP/IP.
, .
- , . LAN.
- , . , , VPN (Virtual Private Networks).
. . , .
, .
,
. (copper) (fiber). (TP), (STP), (UTP).
( ). Bluetooth ( 10 ), Wi-Fi ( 100 ). Wi- ( 10 ).
, (, ), .
.
(Star) - , .
(Ring) - , , .
(Bus) - , .
, , .
, . . .
|
|
, . , , . , , , , .
, , . , , , . , , , - , , .
(Repeater) . , , .
, . , (/ ) . , , .
(Hub) - . .
( ), NIC (Network Interface Card) , .
(Switch) , . , , -.
(Bridge) , , . .. , . .
(Router) . brouter (bridge-router) , .
(Gateway) . , , .