- (-) - . - . - , , . , .
30 . - - . - : C#, Object Pascal. , -.
- . :
- (abstraction);
- (encapsulation);
- (modularity);
- (hierarchy).
, , , . . - .
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UML (Unified Modeling Language) , 80- 90- . UML 1994 ., Booch (Object Modeling Technique) Rational Software.
UML :
- , ;
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- ( , );
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- .
UML , OMG (Object Management Group) - - , . UML - (Microsoft, IBM, Hewlett-Packard, Oracle, Sybase .). , CASE-, Rational Software (Rational Rose), UML (Paradigm Plus 3.6, System Architec, Microsoft Visual Modeler for Visual Basic, Delphi, PowerBuilder .).
UML , , , -, . UML . UML 1.1, OMG 1997 ., :
- (use case diagrams) - ( );
- (class diagrams) ;
- (behavior diagrams);
- (interaction diagrams) .
: (sequence diagrams) (collaboration diagrams);
- (statechart diagrams) ;
- (activity diagrams) ;
- (implementation diagrams);
- (component diagrams) () ;
- (deployment diagrams) .
(USE CASE)
-, , . . " " (use case) , .
(), , ( ). . , - " " " ". : , , . , .
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1994 . , . .10.1 use case.
.10.1
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- (association relationship);
- (generalization relationship);
- , :
- (extend relationship);
- / (include relationship).
- .
UML .
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.10.2 -
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(multiplicity) , . , . , , "*" ().
, , , . , UML.
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{_, _+1, _+2,..., _]. , , 0.
- "1..5". , , , {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}. , , - , - . , , 5. .
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- "2..*". , , , .
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.10.5 -
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/
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.10.6 -
()
, :
1) extend - , ;
2) include (use) - , .
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.10.7 -
use case ..
.10.8