1. 10 .,
0,6,
:
) 25 .;
) 10 .;
) 10 .;
) 25 .;
) 6 .
2. 100 .,
0,75,
:
) 75 .; )100 .; )175 .; )400 .; )750 .
3. 0,8
100 .,
:
) 100 .; )80 .; )25 .; ) 20 .; ) 18 .
4. 250 .
50 .,
:
) 0,8; )0,5; ) 0,4; ) 0,25; ) 0,2.
5.
20 , :
) 4; )5; )-4; )-5;)-20.
6. 10 ., =
0,75 :
)-10; )-7,5; )-4; )-3; ) - 0,75.
7. 50 .
150 ., :
) 3; )- 3; ) 0,25; ) 0,5; ) - 0,5.
8. 0,6
60 .,
, :
) 36 .;
) 36 .;
) 10 .;
) 40 .;
) 40 .
9. 0,8,
10 . :
) 10 .;
) 40 .;
) 50 .;
) ;
) .
10. 100 .,
50 ., , 0,75,
:
)50 ; )75 ; )150 ; )250 ; )750 .
11. 0,8,
:
) 0; 6)0,8; )1; ) 5; ) 8.
12. , 0,8,
500 .
, :
) ;
) 100 .;
) 250 .;
) 400 .;
) 500 .
13. 0,9,
25 .
25 . ,
:
|
|
) 250 .,
10;
) 225 .,
- 9;
) 25 .,
1;
) , -
;
) .
14. 2000 .,
20 ., ,
, :
) 20 .;
) 20 .;
) 20 .;
) 20 .;
) .
15.
10 ., , ,
:
) 10 .;
) 10 .;
) 10 .;
) 10 .;
) .
16.
10 , :
) 0,1; ) 0,9; ) 9; ) 10; ) 100.
17. 10 .
15 .,
:
) 0,1; )0,15; ) 0,2; ) 0,4; ) 0,6.
18. 0,75
250 ., :
) 1000 .;
) 750 .;
) 250 .;
) 1000 .;
) 750 .
19. ,
0,75.
, 21 .
.
, :
) 28 .;
) 21 .;
) 21 .;
) 28 .;
) 21 .
20. 0,2
500 .,
:
) 500 .;
) 125 .;
) 125 .;
) 100 .;
) 100 .
21. :
) 100 .;
) 100 .;
) 100 .;
) , 100 .;
) 100 . 100 .
|
|
22. , 3200
., 20 .,
0,5, ,
:
) 3000 .;
) 3020 .;
) 3220 .;
) 3300 .;
) 3350 .
23. , 3000
., 20
., , ,
, 0,8, :
) 25 .;
) 25 .;
) 20 .;
) 20 .;
) 100 .
24. 1750 .,
1500 .,
, 0,25,
:
) 250 .;
) 250 .;
) 62,5 . .;
) 62,5 . .;
) 100 . .
25. 2500 . .,
2600 . . 0,75,
:
) 25 . .;
) 100 . .;
) 25 . .;
) 75 . .;
) 100 . .
26. 1800 .
40
., , 0,6,
:
) 1900 .;
) 1860 .;
) 1840 .;
) 1760 .;
) 1740 .
1. 2000 .
,
50 . 20 .
, 0,75.
2. 2003 .
80 ., 20 .,
, 2500 .
2002 . ,
0,4.
3. .
75 90 . ,
, ,
0,25.
4. 7%,
9%. 3000 .,
2,5.
( ), ,
0,9.
5. 5,5%,
7%. 2000 .,
4%.
( ), ,
0,8.
.., .. , .: ,2002.
., . . - -. .:, 1994.
.., .. . .: -, 2000.
.. . . .: , 1999.
.. . .:, 2000.
|
|
.. : . - 2- ., . - .: , 2004.
. . . .: -, 1995.
. . ., ., . . . . .:,1997
/ . . .: , 1998.
- . . . . / . . .. , -, 1998
/ . ...-.:-, 1999
: . - , , 1997
/ . . .., .. .: - ,1994
1.
1.1.1. : 1; 2; 5; 7; 11.
:3;4;6;8;9;10; 12; 13; 14. 1.1.2.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-; 10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-; 24-; 25-; 26-; 27-; 28-.
): 1; 2; 5; 6; 9; 12; 13; 16; 19; 20; 21. )3; 4; 8; 11; 18; 22. ) 7; 10; 14; 15; 17.
) 1; 2; 4; 6; 7; 8; 9; 11; 12; 14; 17; 19; 20; 21; 22; 23; 25; 27; 28; 29; 30; 32; 33; 34. )3; 5; 10; 13; 15; 16; 18; 24; 26; 31.
) 1; 5; 7; 8; 9; 12; 17; 20; 22.
)2;3;4;6; 10; 11; 13; 14; 15; 16; 18; 19; 21.
1.2.1. : 2; 3; 4; 5; 9; 11; 12; 15; 17; 23.
: 1; 6; 7; 8;10; 13; 14; 16; 18;19; 20; 21; 22; 24.
.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-;10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-; 24-; 25-; 26-; 27-; 28-; 29-; 30-; 31-; 32-; 33-; 34-; 35-; 36-; 37-;38-; 39-; 40-; 41-; 42-.
1 -: 200-50+10=160
2-: (4000-800)-2600=600
3-: 1000+100+300=1400
4-: 750+800-600-900=50
5-: Y-S=T-G-Xn; S-Y=140; S=Y-T-C=290; Yd=C+S=500+290=790.
6-: 800-1000-100 = -300 (. .)
7 - : I= (4800-4100) +50-100=650
8 - :Yd=100+5000+900+150=6150
9 - : G-Tnet=800-1100-100=-200
10-: =600-700=-100
11 - : Yd=8000-(1200+100)=6700; S=6700-600=700.
12-: Xn=5000-3000-900-500=600; Tnet=20+900=920; Yd=5000-920=4080;
S=4080-3000=1080.
13-: S=656-608=48; I=(656-608)+32+16=96; G=(656-608)+(800-656) +16-96=112 14-: Ex-Im= (500-350)-((120-20) +150) = -100.
2. 2.1.1.
: 1; 3; 9; 11; 14;15;18; 19; 23; 24; 25; 30; 31; 33; 34; 37; 38; 39; 42; 43; 45; 47; 48; 49; 52; 54; 56; 58; 60; 62; 63.
: 2; 4; 5; 6; 7; 8; 10; 12; 13; 16; 17; 20; 21; 22; 26; 27; 28; 29; 32; 35; 36; 40; 41; 44; 46; 50; 51; 53; 55; 57; 59; 61; 64; 65; 66.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-; 10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-; 24-; 25-; 26-; 27-; 28-; 29-; 30-; 31-; 32-; 33-; 34-; 35-; 36-; 37-; 38-; 39-; 40-; 41-; 42-; 43-; 44 -; 45-; 46-; 47-; 48-; 49-; 50-; 51-; 52-; 53-; 54-; 55-; 56-.
) 2; 3; 4; 7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 14; 20; 22; 27; 28; 29; 32; 33; 38; 40; 41; 42; 45; 46; 48; 50;
51.
) .
) 2; 14; 19; 22; 23.
) .
1 - : 3657-480-1194 = 1983 (. )
2 - : 130 + 85 + 20 = 235 (. )
3-
|
|
4 - : 900 + 2300 + 40 = 3240 (. ) 5-: 63 + 25 + 7 = 95 (. ) 6-: 750-550-90=110 (. )
7 - : 5500 - 3800 - 900 - (25 - 40) - 650 - 200 = - 35 (.)
8 - ; 6000 - 3600 - 950 - 750 - (- 70) = 770 (.)
9-: 3580-1900-200-250-1000 = 230 (.)
-;
11 - : 5360 - 3750 - 1100 - 600 +120 = 30 (.) 12-: 5000 - 3500 - 250 - 800 - 500 = - 50 (.)
13 - : 5495 +674 - 5450 = 720 (. )
14 -
: 1; 8; 9; 13; 14; 17; 18; 21; 22; 26; 27; 30; 31; 33; 34; 36
: 2; 3; 4; 5;6; 7; 10; 11; 12; 15; 16; 19; 20; 23; 24; 25; 28; 29; 32; 35
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-;10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-; 24-.
1 - : 2500 +750+ (450 +200+50) - 350 + (55-20) = 3635 (.)
2 - : 3000 + (720 - 600) + 850 + (29-15) = 3984 (.)
3-: 6500 - 550 -380+250 = 5820 (.)
4 - : 4750 - 420 = 4330 (.)
5 - : 5200 + 140 - 300 = 5040 (.)
6 - : 2900 + 320 +335 + (390-15) +19 = 3949 (.)
7 - : 2200 - 43 - 56 +25 +18 = 2144 (.)
2.2.4. ( )
1.
= + Igr + G + = 532 + (85 + 73) + 124 + (26 - 43) = 797;
= + + + + + + - = 365 + 28 + 51 + 84 + 157 + 47 + 73 (31 23) = 797;
= , = 31 23 = 8;
= + = 797 + 8 = 805;
= - ( ) = 797 - 73 = 724;
= - = 805 - 73 = 732;
= - = 732 - 47 = 685 = + + + + = 365 + 28 + 51 + 84 + 157 = 685;
= + + + = 685 -35-157 + 63 + 52 + 9 = 617;
= - = 617 - 25 = 592;
= S = - = 592 - 532 = 60;
= +
() = Igr = Inet + = 85 + 73 = 158;
= - I = 26 -43 = -17.
= - - = 157 63 27 = 67;
= = ( + + + ) ( + + ) = (25 + 67 + 47 + 35) - (124 + 52 + 9) = 174 -185 = -11 ().
2.
= + + = 85 + 42 + 41 = 168;
= + / + G + = 168 + (47 + 19) + 32 + (46 - 25) = 287;
= + = 287 + (9 -12) = 284;
= - = 287 -19 = 268;
= - = 284 -19 = 265;
= - = 265 -18 = 247;
= + + = 12 + 45 + 11 = 68;
= = 247 126 8 23 68 = 22;
= ( + + ) + ( + + ) = 15 (21 + 12 + 18) + (32 + 17 + 14) = 27;
= - - + + + = 247 - 27 - 68 + 45 + 17 + 14 = 228;
= - = 228 - 21 = 207;
S=- = 207-168 = 39;
= - = 9-12 = -3;
= = 46 25 = 21;
= + = 47 + 19 = 66.
3.
= + S = 255 + 27 = 282; = 282 + 30 = 312; = 312 + 20 + 61 -17-11 -7 = 358;
= 358 + 32 = 390; = 358 -15 -16 - 42 - 61 = 224; = 390 + (24 + 12) = 426; = 426 - (-6) = 432; = 45 + 24 + 12 = 81;
=13-4 = 9; = 432 -255 - 81 - 9 = 87; = (30 + 32 + 23 + 20) - (87 + 11 + 7) = 105 -105 = 0 ( ).
|
|
4.
= 327 + (40 + 23 - 7) + 72 + (59 - 27) = 487;
-487+ (8-21) = 474;
= 487 - 31 = 456;
= 474 - 31 = 443;
= 290 + 12 + 18 + 32 + (9 + 38 + 15) = 414;
= - = 443 - 414 = 29;
= 9 + 38 + 15 = 62;
= + S = 327 + 25 = 352;
= - = 392 - 352 = 40;
= - + + - - =392-414+ 19 + 62-38-10 = 17;
= 40 + 23 7 = 56;
=
= 56 - 31 = 25;
= (40 + 9 + 29 + 19) - (72 + 17 + 10) = 97 - 99 = -2 ();
= - = 59 - 27 = 32.
5.
= + = 562 + 29 = 591;
= + = 591 + 94 = 685;
= - = 685 -12 = 673;
= - = 673 - 94 = 579; = - - - - = 562 - 424 -13 - 21 - 59 = 45;
= 562 - 31 - 59 + 35 + 22 + 15 = 544;
= 544 - 27 = 517; = - S = 517 - 47 = 470;
= - - / - G + I = 673 - 470 -107 - 79 + 25 = 42;
= (27 + 13 + 29 + 31) - (79 + 22 + 15) = 100 -116 = -16 ();
= 59-35-13 = 11.
: 1; 6; 7; 10; 11; 12; 17; 19; 21; 22; 23; 25; 28; 29 : 2; 3; 4; 5; 8; 9; 13; 14; 15; 16; 18; 20; 24; 26; 27
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-; 10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-; 24-; 25-; 26-; 27-; 28-; 29-; 30-; 31-; 32-.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8: -; - ; -; 9-; 10-; 11-; 12-; 13:-; -; 14:-;-; 15-;
1. ) 2003. = 2003/ 2003 =
6350/1,24 = 5121 .;
) 2004 = 2004/ 2004 =
6735/1,27 = 5303 .;
) = [( 2004 -
2003) / 2003] 100% = [(6735 - 6350)/6350]
100% = 6,06%;
) = [( 2004 -
2003)/ 2003] 100% = [(5303 - 5121)/5121] 100% = 3,55%;
) = [( 2004 - 2003)/
2003] 100% = [(1,27 -1,24)/1,24] 100% = 2,42%.
2. ) 2000 = 2000 = 2 30 + 8 12 + 70 5 = 506 .;
) 2001 = 4 25 + 9 11 + 65 7 = 654 .; 2001 =225 + 811+70
7 = 628.;
) 2001 = [(4 30 + 9 12 + 65 5)/506] 100% = (553/506) 100% = 109%;
2001 = (2001/2001) 100% = (654/628) 100% = 104%;
=√1O9 x 1O4= 106%;
) = 104% -100% = 4%;
) = 109% -100% = 9%.
3. 2001 = 4 25 + 20 8 + 5 15 = 335 .;
2002 = 2002 = 620 + 1514 + 712 = 414 .;
2001 =256 + 815 + 715 = 375 .;
= = [(4 20 + 20 14 + 5 12)/414] 100% = 101,4%;
= = (335/375) 100% = 89,3%;
=√1 01,489,3 = 95,2%; π= [(1 - 0,893)/0,893] 100% = 12%.
4. 2000 = 91000 + 41500 = 15000 .;
1999 = 15000/1,25 = 12000 .; 12000 = 9+ 4 1200 =^= 800; = [(6 1000 + 10 1500)/(9 1000 + 4 1500)] 100% = 140%.
3.
: 4; 5; 8; 11; 15; 18; 20; 21; 22; 24; 27; 29; 32.
: 1; 2; 3; 6; 7; 9; 10; 12; 13; 14; 16; 17;19; 23; 25; 26; 28; 30; 31.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-;10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-; 24-; 25-; 26-; 27-; 28-; 29-.
: 4; 5; 6; 9; 10; 11; 12; 13; 16; 17. :1;2;3;7;8; 14; 15.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-;10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-.
: 1;4;7;8;9; 11; 12; 18; 19; 21; 25; 26; 27; 28; 30; 31; 32 : 2; 3; 5; 6; 10; 13; 14; 15; 16; 17; 20; 22; 23; 24; 29; 33.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-;10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-; 24-; 25-; 26-; 27-; 28-.
: 2; 3; 4; 6; 8; 9; 11; 12; 13. : 1; 5; 7; 10.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-;10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-; 24-; 25-.
: 3; 4; 7; 9; 11; 12; 16; 17; 18; 19; 21; 23; 25; 26; 27; 28; 30; 31. : 1; 2; 5; 6; 8; 10; 13; 14; 15; 20; 22; 24; 29.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-; 10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-; 24-; 25-; 26-; 27-; 28-; 29-; 30-; 31-; 32-; 33-; 34-; 35-.
: 1; 6; 7; 9. : 2; 3; 4; 5; 8.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-;10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-.
) 1, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 15, 17, 18, 19, 21, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 32, 33, 35, 37, 41, 42, 43, 45,
47;
) 3,6, 13,26,30,36,39,44,46;
) 4, 8, 9, 12, 18, 22, 24, 28, 33, 37, 40, 42, 45;
) 2, 3, 5, 7, 14, 20, 23, 30, 34, 35, 38, 43;
) 11, 16, 31,48.
1. 2000 = 2480 - 200 => PSR - 2,4; Ysr = 2560 - 200 2,4 = 2080 . .;
YLR = 2000 .; 2000 = 2560 - 200=> PLR = 2,8.
2. 4000 = 4510 - 300 => PSR = 1,7; YSR = 4390 - 300 1,7 = 3880 .;
YLR = 4000 .; 4000 = 4390 - 300 =>LR= 1,3.
3. a) YSR = 5000 1,04 = 5200 ; 5000 = 5560 - 400 => sr = 1,4;
YLR = 5000 ;
) AD: Y= 5760 - 400P (5200 = - 400 1,4 =>
X = 5760); 5000 = 5760 - 400 => PLR = 1,9;
) π = [(Plr- Psr)/ Psr] x 100% = [(1,9 -1,4)/1,4] 100% = 35,7%.
4. ) AD: Y = 2440 - 200P (2000 = X - 200 2,2 =>
X = 2440);
) 2000 = 2540 - 200P> => PSR = 2,7; YLR = 2000 ; YSR = 2440 - 200
2,7 = 1900 ; PLR = 2,2;
) π = [(PLR - PSR)/Psr] x 100% = [(2,2 - 2,7)/2,7] 100% = -18,5%.
5. ) : MV= PY => Y= (MV/P) =>
AD1:Y=1400/P; AD2:Y=1200/;
) YSR = 600 ; sr = M2/YSR = 1200/600 = 2; YLR = M1 / PSR =
1400/2 = 700 ; PLR = M2/ YLR = 1200/700 = 1,7;
) π = [(PLR - Psr) / Psr] x 100% = [(1,7- 2)/2] 100% = -15%.
6. ) 1 = PY/V= 2000; AD1: Y= 2000/; AD2: Y = M2V2/P = (l,25M1 0,9V1)/ =
2250/; ΔM = 2000 0,25 = 500 ; ) YLR = 1000 .; PSR = 2; YSR = 2250/2 = 1125 ; PLR = 2250/1000 = 2,25;
) π = [(PLR - Psr) /Psr] 100% = [(2,25 - 2)/2] 100% = 12,5%.
7. ) 3000 = 2000 + 2,5 M1 /1,25 => 1 = 500 .;
2 = 500 + 100 = 600 .;
) YSR = 2000 + 2,5 600/1,25 = 3200 .; YLR = 3000 .; PSR = 1,25; 3000 = 2000 + 2,5 600/ => PLR = 1,5; AD1: Y= 2000 + 1250/P; AD2: Y= 2000 + 1500/P.
4.
: 1; 6; 9; 10; 14; 15; 18; 19; 20; 22; 23; 26; 28; 29; 32.
: 2; 3; 4; 5; 7; 8; 11; 12; 13; 16; 17; 21; 24; 25; 27; 30; 31; 33.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-; 10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-; 24-; 25-; 26-; 27-; 28-; 29-; 30-; 31-; 32-; 33-; 34-; 35-; 36-; 37-.
5.
:3;5;8; 11; 12; 13; 17; 18; 20; 22.
: 1; 2; 4; 6; 7; 9; 10; 14; 15; 16; 19; 21; 23.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5- ; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-; 10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-; 24-; 25-; 26-; 27-; 28-; 29-; 30-; 31-; 32-; 33-; 34-.
) 2; 3; 4; 7 ( AS) 8; 10; 11; 13; 15.
) 1; 5; 6; 7 ( AD) 9; 12; 14.
) 1; 2; 4; 5 ( AD) 6; 7; 9; 11; 12; 13; 15; 17; 18; 19.
) 5 ( AS); 8; 10; 14; 20; 21.
) 3; 16; 22.
1. 2000=2214/0,9=2460
g= ((2460-2400)/2400)100%=2,5% .
2. 2000=3078/1,2=2565. , 2000
1999 => g = -5%
-5=((2565-1999)/1999) 100% 1999=2700 : AS
3. 1998=1495/1.15=1300
4=(1300 - 1998)/ 1998=> 1998= 260; =(1620/260) 100%=6,5%
6.
: 2; 7; 11; 13; 16; 21; 23; 24; 26; 27; 28; 31; 36; 39; 40; 41; 42; 43. : 1; 3; 4; 5; 6; 8; 9; 10; 12; 14;15; 17; 18; 19; 20; 22; 25; 29; 30; 32; 33; 34; 35; 37; 38; 44; 45.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-; 10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-; 24-; 25-; 26-; 27-; 28-; 29-; 30-; 31-; 32-; 33-; 34-; 35-; 36-; 37-; 38-; 39-; 40-; 41-; 42-; 43-; 44-; 45-; 46-; 47-; 48-; 49-; 50-; 51-; 52-; 53-; 54-; 55-; 56-; 57-; 58-; 59-; 60-.
) 3,5,7,9,11,15,17,19,21,24,28,31,37,38. )2,10,13,22,23,25,26,29,32,33,34,36. ) 1,4,6,8,14,16,18,20,27,30,35,39
) 1,2,4,6,9,11,12,24,26,28. )3,5,7,10,15,16,19,22,23,27. ) 13,17,21.
1 -: 7.8/(7.8+87.6)100%=8.18% 2-: U/60=0.11 => U=6.6; E=60-6.6=53.4 . . 3-: 12/(+12)=0.08 => +12=150. =138 .. 4-: 0.09=U/L=U/(85-25) => U=5.4 . .
5-: 0.1=U/(63+U) => U=7 .. => L=U+E=70 .. NL=100-70=30 . 6- 1-: 92.3+5.7=98,0 . . 2-: 5.7/98100%=5.8% 3-: 98/139,7100%=70,2% 4-: NL=139,7-98=41,7 ..
7-: 0.05=(4+3)/L => L=140 .. U= (4+3+2.8)/140=7% 8-: U=(62+6)*0.02=1.36 .. U*=(6 - 1.36)/68100%=6.8% 9-: 0.06=(U + U)/(100-28) => U + U =4.32.; U=72-65=7 ..
U = (7-4.32)/72100%=3.7% 10-: U* = 0.05 =(U+U)/(82.8+7.2) => U+U=4.5.; U=7.2 - 4.5 = 2.7
. . 11-: 0.09=(3+4.5+U)/L; L=150 ..
0.06=(3+ U)/L => U=0.06L-3 => U=6 . . U=6/150100% = 4%
12-: 0.08= U/ (73.6+U) => U=6.4 ..
uc=(6.4-3.2-2)/(73.6+6.4)100% = 1.5% 13-: (67-75)/75100%=10.7% 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-: (31-35)/35=-2.5U; U = 4.6% 21-: 3-2(12-10)=-1
22-: U=10/(175+(7+8+10))100%=5% (1770-2000)/2000=-0.05 => =2.3 23-: E=0.778=54.6..; NL=0.2378=17.94..; L=78-17.94=60.06.
.; U=60.06-54.6=5.46 ..; u=(5.46/60,06)100%=9%
(Y-4200)/4200=2.5(0.09-0.06) => Y=3885 . .
1. ) L2000=7.4+105.2=112.6 .
L2005 =8.1+104.2=112.3 .
) 2000.: (112.6/168.2)100%=66.9%
2005.: (112.3/169.5)100%=66.25%
) u2000=(7.4/1 12.6)100%=6.57%
u2005=(8.1/112.3)100%=7.21 %
) u*=6.6%
2000.: 0.066=(U+ U)/112.6 => U+ U=7.4316 .; U=-0.0316 => U=-0.03%
2005.: u=u-u*=7.21-6.6=0.61%
) 2005
2. ) U=(10-0.0510)+3=12.5 .
) NL=4+6+2.5+0.5+0.7+100.05=14.2 .
) =80-12.5-14.2=53.3 .
*. *
3. (1665-Y)/ Y =-3(0.075-0.05) => Y =1800.
4. (Y-2550)/2550=-2(0.065-0.05) => Y=2473.5. =76.5
. ; (76.5/2550)100%=3%
5. (97-100)/100=-β(0.07- u*) (91-100)/100=-β(0.09- u*) => u*=6%
0.03=β(0.07-0.06) => β=3
6. u=((6+8+10)/(24+176))100%=12%; u*=((6+8)/200)100%=7%;
(2040- Y*)/Y*= -3(0.12-0.07) => 2400 . .
8. NL=5.5+8.3+8.5+5.0+3+0.3+1.4+1.5=33.5 .
U=1.8+0.4+1.2+0.9+1.7+2.5+1.3+(0.5-0.2)=10.1 .
=(7-5.5)+1.1+1.2+2.3+0.2+87=93.3 .
L= U+E=10.1+93.3=103.4 .
.= L+NL=103.4+33.5=136.9 .
u= (10.1/103.4)100%=9.8%
U= 2.5 .
u*=((10.1 -2.5)/103.4)100%=7.4%
u= (0,9+1.2)/103.4)100%=2%
u= u* - u = 5.4%
9. NL= 3.5+9+2.7+2+0.3+0.6+0.8+(1.4-0.9)=19.4 .
L=106-19.4-4=82.6 .
=2.9+1.5+1.8+0.5+68=74.7 .
U =82.6-74.7=7.9 . u=(7.9/82.6)100%=9.6% u*=((7.9-2.1)/82.6)100%=7% u= (0,2+0.7)/82.6)100%=1.1 % U= 7.9-(0.2+0.7)-2.1=4.9 . u=(4.9/82.6)100=5.9%
10.NL= 6+0.5+9+4+2.5+0.3+1.5+2+0.1=25.9 . L=138-25.9 -5=107.1 . =(3-0.5)+2.2+1.4+0.8+91 =97.9 . U =107.1-97.9=9.2 . u=(9.2/107.1)100%=8.6% u*=((9.2-2.1)/107.1)100%=6.6% U= (0,9+0.4)/107.1)100%=1.2% U= 9.2-(0.9+0.4)-2.1=5.8 . u=(5.8/107.1)100=5.4%
11. NL= 2.5+8+3.9+1.2+0.8+1.5+0.7+3.5+0.2=22.3 .
U=1.1+0.5=1.6 .
u=1.6/L=0.02 => L=80 . .
.=80+22.3+3= 105.3 . .
U =1.6+0.3+1.1+0.5+0.1+2.5+(1.3-0.2)+(1-0.4)=7.8 .
=80-7.8=72.2 .
=72.2-1.3-1.8-0.9-0.4=67.8 .
U =107.1-97.9=9.2 .
u=(7.8/80)100%=9.75%
u*=((7.8-2.5)/80)100%=6.6%
u= 6.6%-2%=4.6%
12. NL= 5+0.2+7+2.5+1.5+0.1+0.5+0.9+0.3+(1.9-1.5)=18.4 .
U=2+1.2+0.7+1.5+(1.4-0.8)=6 .
0.05=6/L => L=120 .
.=18.4+120+4=142.4 . .
0.085=U/120 => U = 10.2 .
=120-10.2=109.8 .
= 109.8-2. 1-1.1-1. 3-0.8-(2-0.2)=102.7 .
U =107.1-97.9=9.2 .
U=10.2-6-(0.4+0.6) =3.2 .
u= (3.2/120)100%=2.7%
u*=8.5-2.7=5.8%
u= (0,4+0.6)/120)100%=0.8%
7.
:1;3;6;7;8; 11; 13; 15; 21; 25; 26; 29; 31; 34; 35; 36; 38; 41; 43; 45; 48. : 2; 4; 5; 9; 10; 12; 14; 16; 17;18; 19; 20; 22; 23; 24; 27; 28; 30; 32; 33; 37; 39; 40; 42; 44; 46; 47.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-; 10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-;23-; 24-; 25-; 26-; 27-; 28-; 29-; 30-; 31-; 32-;
33-; 34-; 35-; 36-; 37-; 38-; 39-; 40-; 41-; 42-; 43-; 44-; 45-; 46-; 47-;
48-; 49-; 50-; 51-; 52-;53-; 54-; 55-; 56-; 57-; 58-; 59-: (5 - 2 = 3%); 60-;
61-: (4 + 3-6 = 1%);
62-: (7 - 1 = 6%);
63-: (100% - ((1,08 /1,2) 100%) = 10%;
64-: (1,5 /1,2) 100% -100% = 25%
)3, 4, 8, 13, 15, 17. )1,9,18. ) 5, 6, 8. ) 2, 7, 11, 14, 16.
7.4. 1,3,4,6,7,10,12.
1. MV
) MV = PY =^> Y =----,
3 (2 = 3), 3 (2000 3) 6000 . .
) 1,5 (V2 = 1,5 V1) 2
(2 = 2), :
3 1,5V / 2P = 2,25 4500 .. (2000 2,25)
2.
0 = 3,6 + 11,2 = 14,8 .; 1 = 14,8 + 83,2 +7 = 105 .; 2 = 105 + 47,5 + 64,7 = 217,2 .; 3 = 217,2 + 6,5 = 223,7 .; L = 223,7 + 4,3 = 228 ..
8.
: 1; 2; 3; 6; 8; 11; 13; 14; 21; 24; 26; 27; 29; 30; 32; 33; 35; 36; 37; 38; 42; 43. : 4; 5; 7; 9; 10; 12; 15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20; 22; 23; 25; 28; 31; 34; 39; 40; 41.
1-; 2-; - ; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7- ((115 - 105)/105) 100% = 9,5%); 8-; 9-; 10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-: ( = 1 + π = 1 + 2,5 = 3,5); 15-; 6-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-; 24-; 25-; 26-; 27-; 28-; 29-; 30-; 31-; 32-; 3-; 34-; 35-; 36-; 37-; 38- ([(1248 -1200)/1200] 100% - 7% = -3%); 39 - ;
40 - ((1,2/1,1) 100% -100% = 9%);
41 - ([(40 - 30)/30] 100% = 33,3% > 30%);
42- (1/[1/(1 % 1,5)] = 2,5);
43- (1/[2/(1+2)] = 1,5);
44 - ([(120 -1 00)/100] 100% = 20% < 21%)
45 - (30/(1 + 0,2) = 25)
46 - ([1/(1 + 0,5)] = 1/(3/2) = 2/3)
47 - (5% - 7% = -2%)
48 - (1 - ([1/(1 + 0,5)] = 1 - [1/(3/2)] =1- 2/3 = 1/3)
49 - π= (1,2/0,96) 100% -100%; π= 25%)
50-;
51 - (1,4 0,9) 100% -100% = 26%
52-; 53-;
54 - : 6% - 2% = 4%
55 - : 6% - 2% = 4%; 100 0,04 = 4
56 - : (1,34/1,3) 100% -100% = 3%
57 - ; 58 - ; 59 - ; 60 - ; 61 - ; 62 - ; 63 - ; 64 - : 6% - 3% = 3%
65- : 7%+ 4% = 11%
66- : 0,05 = (R- 1,2)/(1 + 1,2) => R= 131%
67- : 0,04 = (1,1 - π )/(1 + π ) => π = 102%
68 - : (5% - 3%) - (3% - 5%) = 4%
69 - ; 70 - ; 71 - ; 72 - : 4% - [(4% + 6%) 0,2)] = 2%
73 - ; 74 - ; 75 - ; 76 - ; 77 - ; 78 - ; 79 - ; 80 - ; 81 - ; 82 - ; 83 - ; 84 - .
1. , r = [(R -π)/(1 + π)] =
= [(1,08 - 1)/2] 100% = 4%. 4%, .
2. , R =(r + + π) 100% =
= (0,07 + 0,07 1,2 + 1,2) 100% = 135,4%.
3. π=[(R- r)/(r + 1)] 100% = [(0,59 - 0,06)/1,06)] 100% = 50%.
4. ) π= [(]999 - 1998)/1998]100%=[(327,4 - 315,5)/315,5]100%= 3,77%;
) r = R -π = 7,48 - 3,77 = 3,71%.
5. π= [( 2001 - 2000)/ 20000] 100% =
[(175 -125)/125] 100% = 40%;
R = r + π=(r+rπ + π) 100% = (0,05 + 0,05 0,4 + 0,4 = 47%; = [(R - π )/(1 + π )] X 100% = [(0,47 - 0,45)/1,45] 100% = 1,4% ( 5%). .
6. 7,5%
60%,
72%: = [(R- π)/(1 + π)];
0,075 = [(R - 0,6)/(1 + 0,6)] => R = 0,72.
70%,
72% 1,18%: =[(0,720,7)/(1+ 0,7)]
= 0,0118.
11,8 . (1000 0,0118), 75 . (1000
0,075).
6,32% (7,5% -1,18%) 63,2 . (75 -11,8).
9. 9.1.
: 2; 3; 5; 6; 7; 9; 14; 16; 18; 21; 22; 23; 24; 33; 34. : 1;4;8; 10; 11; 12; 13; 15; 17; 19; 20; 26; 27; 28; 29; 30; 31; 32; 9.2.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-; 10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-; 24-.
1-: rr=(25/200)100%=12.5%
2-: Rexcess=30-0. 1100=20 . .
3-: R=0.230+5=11 . .
4-: 72=0.2D+0.04D = > D=300; R=0.2300=60 . .
5-: D=20/0.125 = 160 . .
6-: Rexcess=100-1000.2=80 . .
7-: D=30/0.2=150; =150-1500.2=120 . . 8-: =(1/0.2)100=500. 9-: mult= 1/0.25=4 10-: 100-1000.1=90 . 11-:mult=200/40=5 12-: rr=1/8100%=12.5% 13-: Ro6= 01/4=25 . . 14-: D=308=240 . .
15-: =24/120100%=20%; D=24/0.8=30 . . 16-:
17-: =100.8=8 . . 18-: =20004000/800=10000 . 19-:
20-: =500(1/0.125)=4000 . 21-: D=500; M=5000.9(1/0.1)=4500 . . 22-: =200.75(1/0.25)=60 . 23-: rr=40/200100%=20%: D=200/0.8=250 . . 24-: =603=180 . 25-: =151/0.3=50 . 26-: =150-10000.1 =50 . .
27-: = 36-2000.125 =11 .; =500(1/0.125)=4000.; =111/0.125=88 .
1. rr1=600/3000=20%; mult1=1/0.2=5; rr2=20-5=15%; mult2=1/0.15=6.67; mult=1.67
M=Dmult=30001.67=5000 . .
2. rr=50/500100%=10% mult=1/0.1=10 => K1=D1- R1 =500-5000.1=450;
M1 =45010=4500 . . D2=500-20=480 . .;
2=480-4800.1=432 . . =450 - 432 =18 =>
18 =1810=180 => 180;
3. = 60 - 600.2 =48 . .; mult= 1/0.2=5; ∆=485=240;
=240+60=300 . .
4. R=70+30=100; =350-100=250- ; rr=70/350100%=20%;
mult=5; ∆=305=150 . . -
5.rr1=20%; rr2=25%; mult2=4; K1=40/5=8. ; D=8/0.8=10; ∆M=10(4-5)= -10 .
6. = 20-200.12=17,6 . ; R=17,6-16,8=0.8 . .; R/D1 00%=0,8/20100%=4%
10.
: 4; 6; 12; 16; 18; 21; 22; 23; 25; 27; 28; 30; 32; 34; 36; 37; 39; 42; 43; 45; 50 : 1; 2; 3; 5; 7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 13; 14; 15; 17; 19; 20; 24; 26; 29; 31; 33; 35; 38; 40; 41; 44; 46; 47; 48; 49; 51; 52; 53
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-;10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-; 24-; 25-; 26-; 27-; 28-; 29-; 30-; 31-; 32-; 33-; 34-; 35-; 36-; 37-; 38-; 39-; 40-; 41-; 42-; 43-; 44-; 45-; 46-; 47-; 48-; 49-; 50-; 51-; 52-; 53-; 54-;
1-: 51/0.2=25 . . 2-:-10(1/0.125)=-80 3-; 4-;
5-: (1000-10000.2)(1-0.2)=4000 .
6-: 10001/0.2=5000 .
7-: 10001/0.2=5000 .
8-: -20(1/0.125)=-160 . .
9-: 501/0.2=250 . .
-.
11.
: 3,5,7,10,11,13,16,17,18,20,23,24,25. : 1,2,4,6,8,9,12,14,15,19,21,22.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-; 10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-.
) 2,5,6,9,10,12,13,14 ) .
1 - : t1=3000/20 000=0,15; t2=4000/30 000=0,13
2 - : t1=2000/16000=0,125; t2 =3000/20 000=0,15
3 - : t1=1500/15 000=0,1; t2 =2000/20 000=0,1
4 - : T=20 0000,15+30 0000,25=10,5(. )
5 - : 50+40000,15=650(. )
6 - : 300-60/0,12=2000 (. )
7 - : (4,5/30)100=15%
8 - ; (2800-2000/20 000-15 000)100= 16 (.)
9 - : t=(18/120)100=15; t.=(18-6)/(120-90)100=40%
12.
: 1,2,3,5,6,7,14,16,17,18,20,23,24,25,26,27,28,29. : 4,8,9,10,11,12,13,15,19,21,22,30,31,32.
1-; 2-; 3-; 4-; 5-; 6-; 7-; 8-; 9-; 10-; 11-; 12-; 13-; 14-; 15-; 16-; 17-; 18-; 19-; 20-; 21-; 22-; 23-, 24-; 25-; 26-; 27-; 28-; 29-.
) 1,2,4,6,8,9,10,14,15,19,22,24,25,30,31. ) .
1 - :
2 - : 48/(1/0,125)=6; 6/30=1/5
3 - : 60/(1/0,15)=9; 9*3=27
4 - : 700+35*3=805 (..)
5 - : (5600-0,15+220)-(950+80+1300*0,1)=-100
6 - : (22+170+390+85+32+15+305)-(280+40+75+35+20+400+140+45)=-16
13.
: 1; 6; 7; 9; 11; 15; 16; 17; 18; 19; 20; 21; 23; 24; 26; 27; 31; 32; 35; 36;
38; 42;44; 48; 49; 53; 54. : 2; 3; 4; 5; 8; 10; 12; 13; 14; 22; 25; 28; 29; 30; 33; 34; 37; 39; 40; 41;
43; 45; 46; 47; 50; 51; 52; 55.
1-; 2 - ; 3 - ; 4 - ; 5 - ; 6 - ; 7-; 8-; 9-; 10-; 11- ;12 - ; 13 - ; 14 - ; 15 - ; 16 - ; 17 - ; 18 - ; 19 - ; 20 - ; 21 - ; 22 - ; 23 - ; 24 - ; 25 - ; 26 - ; 27 - ; 28 - ; 29 - ; 30 - ; 31 - ; 32 - ; 33 - ; 34 - ; 35 - ; 36 - ; 37 - ; 38 - ; 39 - ; 40 - ; 41 - ; 42 - ; 43 - ; 44 - .
13.3.
1 -:-101/1-0,6 = -25;
2-: 100 1/1-0,75 = 400;
3-: 100/(1/1-0,8) =20;
4 - : 250/ 50 = 5 =1/ mps => mps = 0,2;
5-: -(1 -0,2)/0,2 = -4;
6 - : - 0,75 /1 - 0,75 = -3;
7 - : -150 / 50 = - 3 = - (1 -mps) / mps => mps = 0,25;
8 - : 60 / (-0,6 /1 - 0,6) = - 40
9-: 10 (-0,8/1 -0,8) = -40
10 - : 100 1/1-0,75 + 50 x (-0,75/1-0,75) = 250 11-:
12 -: 5001 =500 13-: 14-: 15-: 16-: 1-0,1/0,1 =9
17 - : 15/10 =15 = (1 -mps)/mps => mps = 0,4
18 - : (-250 0,75/1 -0,75) = - 750
19- : 21 x 1/1-0,75 = 84 -84/ (-0,75/1-0,75) = 28
20-: 500/-(1-0,2)/0,2 = -125
21-:
22 - : 3200 + (-20) (-0,5 /1-0,5) = 3220
23-: ΔY = 20x 1/1-0,8=100 -100/ (-0,8/1-0,8) = 25
24-: 1500-1750/(1/1-0,25) = -62,5
25- : 2600 -2500/ (1/1 -0,75) = 25
26 -: 1800+400,6/1-0,6 =1860
1.ΔY = ΔYG + ΔYTr = ΔG multG + ΔT mult = -50 (1/ (1-0,75) + 20 x (-0,75 / (1-0,75)) = -200 + (-60) = -260 . ; .. , , Y* =Y + Δ = 2000 - 260 = 1740 .
2. ΔY = ΔYG + ΔYTr = ΔG multG + ΔTr multTr = -80 (1/0,4) + 20 (0,6/0,4) = -200 +
30 = -170 . ; Y = Y* - ΔY = 2500 -(-170) = 2670 .
3. , ΔYG
(-ΔYTx); ΔYG = ΔG x multG = (90 - 75) x (1/0,25) = 60 .; Δ = -ΔY/multTx = -60/(-0,75/0,25) = 20; , 20 .
4. (Y-
Y*) /Y* = -β ( - *) => Δ= 3000 [-2,5 (0,09 - 0,07)] = -150 ., .. , , : , ; ΔG = ΔY/multG = 150/(1/1 - 0,9) = 15 .; Δ = ΔY/multTx = 150/[0,9/(1 - 0,9)] = 16 2/3 .; A Tr = ΔY/multr = 150/[0,9/(1 - 0,9] = 16 2/3 ; , 15 .., 16 2/3 ., 16 2 /3 .
5. (5,5%)
(7%), ( ); ΔY = Y* 0,04 = 2000 0,04 = 80 ., , : , ; ΔG = -ΔY/multG = -80/ [1/(1 - 0,8)] = -16 . ; ΔT = -ΔY/multTx = -80/[-0,8/(1 - 0,8)] = 20 .; ΔTr = -ΔY/multTr = -80/ [0,8/(1 - 0,8)] = 20 .; , 16 ., 20 ., 20 :
6. = / = /(1 + π) = 2688/
(1 + 0,12) = 2400 . ., , , 600 . (3000 - 2400 = 600); , ; ΔYG = 2/3 ΔY = 2/3 x 600 = 400 , ΔYTx = 1/3 x ΔY = 1/3 x 600 = 200 ;ΔG = ΔYG / mult G = 400 / (1/(1-0,8)) = 80 . ; Δ = ΔYTx/multTx = 200/(0,8/(1-0,8)) = -50 ..
.. ..
15.05.2007 .
. . . 9,4 .- . . 11,8
300 .________________ 245_________
(). 125319, , ., 64