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. 141 ..
2011
1. ..........................................................................................................................................................................3
1.1. .............................................................................................................................3
1.2. ...........................................................................................................................................4
2. .....................................................................................................................................................6
2.1. .......................................................................................................................................................................................5
2.2. .....................................................................................................................5
2.3. ..............................................................................................................................................................................................7
2.4. , ................................................................................................................7
2.5. ..........................................................................................................................................8
2.6. ..........................................................................................................................................................................................8
3. .........................................................................................................................................................................................................11
4. ................................................................................................19
4.1. ...............................................................................................................................................................................................19
4.2. ..............................19
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4.3. .............................................................................................................................20
4.4. - ..............................................................................................23
4.5. .........25
5. .............................................................................................................................................27
6. ...................................................................................................................................33
7. ...........................................................................................................................................................................................................35
1.
1.1
:
:
- , ;
- I;
- ;
-
- II4;
- II;
- III;
- - Q=30 ( 1-3);
- L=36 , B=6 , H=18,0 .
- 12,5 Rbh =9,5
-
o :
=(c + 100) + ,
- .4
(=3150);
100 - ;
= 400 - , .
B=(3150+100)+400=3650 ;
:
t = o - B=18000-3650=14350 ;
H =18000 no ( ).
:
2 = Hcom+hc + hr+20,
h = 1/8Bf=1/8×6000=750 - 36 30 [2];
hr =120 - (..2);
20 - .
2 =3650+750+120+20=4540 ;
2 =4600 .
:
1 = o 2 +600=18000-4600+600=14000 ( 600 );
:
= 1 + H2 =14000+4600=18600 .
, 1.460.3-18 (. . .), H1rt =3150.
, , , :
h2 H2/12=4600/12=383,3 ;
h2 = 500 . bo = 250 .
250 .
, h1=H/20=18600/20=930 ;
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λ1≥B1+c+(h2-bo)=300+75+(400-250)= 525;
1 ( 4);
=(75100) .
λ1=750 ( 250).
h1 =bo+λ1=250+750=1000 , .
2.
. . 1
2 5,0 | /2 | 0,05∙2=0,1 | 1,2 | 0,12 |
Knouf t=50 | /2 | 0,055 | 1,2 | 0,066 |
1 3,0 | /2 | 0,03 | 1,2 | 0,036 |
. 75-750-0,8 | /2 | 0,155 | 1,05 | 0,163 |
: | /2 | 0,34 | 0,385 | |
6 I35 26020-83 | /2 | 0,15 | 1,05 | 0,108 |
/2 | 0,6 | 1,05 | 0,63 | |
: | /2 |
:
q=γngaBrt=0,951,1236=6,40 /2;
- , [2];
go - 1 2 /2 ( i=12,5% ) .1;
Bf=6 - .