1) G=0
τ( ) , .
2)G≠0
.τ(_) , . G/τ( )
. -.
- -. - = , , . = 0, =1. 0, . = - Fp=1-Fa
- < , - => -.
E=exp
/ (e- )
Ef-v>>k .. > (2-3) kT
-f>>kT => -:
n=Nc * exp[ ],Nc- ..
( - 3 +kT)
:
p=Nv * exp[ ],Nv- .. ( - 3 v v-kT)
n*p= Nc Nv * exp[ ]= Nc Nv * exp[ ], ∆E=c-Ev,∆φ=φ-φv
/ - - n=p=ni
ni = =>n*p=ni 2, ni- - .., T - .
, =0 , .
/ n- ., p- .
/ .
φ=E/q, φT=kT/q
: Xn= φT ln n/ni;
Xp= φT ln p/pi; - =>=>
φF=φE+ φT ln (n/ni)=> - => .
- . .