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28

NAT (Network Address Translation ) TCP/IP, IP- .

NAT , , . SNAT, (. source) (. destination) . / .

, IP- . , . , . , . IP- . , , n- .

3 :

(Static Network Address Translation),

(Dynamic Address Translation),

(NAPT, NAT Overload, PAT).

NAT IP- IP- . , .

NAT IP- IP-. NAT , , , .

NAT (NAPT, NAT Overload, PAT, ) NAT, IP-, . PAT (Port Address Translation). , .

NAT .

1. IP- ( NAT PAT), IP- IP- ( , , ).

2. ,

3. /. , , (, 80- TCP (HTTP-) 54055-). , , IP- ( ) http://example.org:54055, , NAT, 80- . .

 

1. NAT. , .

2. - .

3. , , , . , NAT- , , Universal Plug & Play, .

IP IP-

gateway

 

, IP-

 

IP-

IP-, IP-.

IP-.

.

NAT . .

NAT . ( NAT) NAT ( ).

 

 

29

(Wide-Area Network, WAN). .

:

 

 " - " (point-to-point);

 

 "" (cloud).
N N(N - 1)/2
WAN "". .
"" :
( );
( E-mail);
( IP, X.25), ( Frame Relay), ( ATM).





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