| The Internet "Cross-media" A vast amount of information The invention of the Internet The World Wide Web The rapid growth of Internet It | has also allowed is likely is means has been made | – often difficult to determine the authenticity and reliability of information contained in web pages; – a collection of interconnected documents, linked by hyper-links and URLs; – to change mass media and its relationship to society; – available through the Internet; – the collection of interconnected computer networks, linked by copper wires, fiber optic cables, wireless connections, etc; – the idea of distributing the same message through different media channels; – breaking news stories to reach around the globe within minutes. |
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Internet
The Internet (also known simply as "the Net") can be briefly understood as "a network of networks". Specifically, it is the worldwide, publicly accessible network of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using the standard Internet Protocol (IP). It consists of millions of smaller domestic, academic, business, and governmental networks, which together carry various information and services, such as electronic mail, online chat, file transfer, and the interlinked Web pages and other documents of the World Wide Web.
Contrary to some common usage, the Internet and the World Wide Web are not synonymous: the Internet is a collection of interconnected computer networks, linked by copper wires, fiber-optic cables, wireless connections, etc.; the Web is a collection of interconnected documents, linked by hyperlinks and URLs. The World Wide Web is accessible via the Internet, along with many other services including e-mail, file sharing and others described below.
The best way to define and distinguish between these terms is to understand the Internet Protocol suite. This collection of protocols is organized into layers such that each layer provides the foundation and the services required by the layer above. In this conception, the term Internet refers to computer networks that all communicate with IP (Internet protocol) and TCP (transfer control protocol). Once this networking structure is established, then other protocols can run "on top". These other protocols are sometimes called services or applications. Hypertext transfer protocol, or HTTP, is an application layer protocol that links billions of files together into the World Wide Web.
Toward the end of the 20th century, the advent of the World Wide Web marked the first era in which any individual could have a means of exposure on a scale comparable to that of mass media. For the first time, anyone with a web-site can address a global audience, although serving to high levels of web traffic is still relatively expensive. It is possible that the rise of peer-to-peer technologies may have begun the process of making the cost of bandwidth manageable. Although a vast amount of information, imagery, and commentary (i.e. "content") has been made available, it is often difficult to determine the authenticity and reliability of information contained in (in many cases, self-published) web pages. The invention of the Internet has also allowed breaking news stories to reach around the globe within minutes. This rapid growth of instantaneous, decentralized communication is often deemed likely to change mass media and its relationship to society. "Cross-media" means the idea of distributing the same message through different media channels. A similar idea is expressed in the news industry as "convergence". Many authors understand cross-media publishing to be the ability to publish in both print and on the web without manual conversion effort. An interesting number of wireless devices with mutually incompatible data and screen formats make it even more difficult to achieve the objective "create once, publish many".
