:
: .
1. .
2. .
3. .
- (binary digit ). , . , , , 1 0.
, 8 .
1 = 23 = 8 .
, . . , .
, :
| 210 (1024 ) | , KB | |
| 220 (1024 ) | , MB | |
| 230(1024 ) | , GB | |
| 240 (1024 ) | , TB | |
| 250 (1024 ) | , PB | |
| 260 (1024 ) | , EB | |
| 270 (1024 ) | , ZB | |
| 280 (1024 ) | , YB |
1
, :
| 5 = _? _ = _? _ ; 512 = 2? = 2? . | |
| _? _ = _? _ = 12288 ; 256 = 2? = 2? . | |
| _? _ = 1536 = _? _; 256 = 2? = 2? . | |
| _? _ = _? _ = 2500 ; 512 = 2? = 2? . | |
| _? _ = _? _ = 213 ; 0,5 = 2? = 2? . | |
| 2 = _ 2048 _ = _ 2097152 _ ; 256 = 218 = 228 . | |
| 5 = _? _ = _? _ ; 768 = 2? = 2? . | |
| _? _ = _? _ = 1073741 ; 768 = 2? = 2? . | |
| _? _ = 15 = _? _; 0,5 = 2? = 2? . | |
| _? _ = _? _ = 1073741824 ; 512 = 2? = 2? . | |
| _? _ = _? _ = 1024 ; 768 = 2? = 2? . | |
| 1,5 = _? _ = _? _ ; 0,5 = 2? = 2? . |
, , . , , , .
|
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( , ; .). 2 , 1 .
(I) .:
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N ; 
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, (I) .:
 
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N .
1.
(5, 4, 3 2). , , , .
. , () , , :
I = Iog 2 4 = 2 .
, 5 (1 = 1/2), 4 (2 = 1/4), 2 3 (3 = p4 =1/8). , :
I = - ( 1/2log2l/2+1/4log2l/4+1/8log2l/8+1/8log2l/8)= 1,75
(log2l/2=-1, log2l/4=-2, log2l/8=-3)
2.
32 . , 17?
. 32 , : 2 I =32. 32=25, I =5 . ( , ).
2
| , ? | |
| 128. . | |
| - 88 , ? | |
| , , 4 . ? | |
| - 44 ? | |
| 6 . ? | |
| , , 3 . ? | |
| , 4 . , 3. ? | |
| 8 . , ? | |
| ! 7. , 16 . ? | |
| , 5 . ? | |
| 7 . ? |
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