- , , , ( ).
75 / 13 . - 20 /. , .
. ( ) . . , 40- , 50- - . , , ( , . .) 1958 . . - 39 .
: ( ) . ( ), . 10 / 13 23 , 10, 20 35 / . . 10 / . , .
10 / , : . , . , - . . . . , . 10 / . , . .
51 2,5 . 80 ; 130. 100 110 .
|
|
|
2,5 4 /- 2180; 6,5 10 /- 2810.
6.5
6.5 , .
2 1
7 3 5. 9 6 . 4.
.
1- 4, 3 8.
. . ( ) 2.
:
- 6,5 /
- 1,3 (13 )
- 100
- ( . )
- 30C
- 100%
- 5%
, , .
1. : û .1 (4)
| % | ||||||||
| Wp | Ap | Sp | S | Hp | Np | Op | Q | |
| 8.0 | 9.2 | 0.6 | 67.9 | 4.7 | 0.8 | 8.8 | 6380/= =26732/ |
2. , :
:
:
:
| - | I . | II . | - | ||||
| . - | - | Da=DV/V0 | 1.45 | 1.55 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.8 |
| . - | - | a=(ai+ai)/2 | 1.5 | 1.58 | 1.65 | 1.75 | |
| [3/] | VH2O= V0H2O+0,0161(a-1) V0 | 0,79 | 0,8 | 0,8 | 0,82 | ||
| [3/] | V= V0RO2+V0N2+ V0H2O +(a-1) V0 | 11.14 | 11.71 | 12.2 | 12.92 | ||
| - | rRO2= VRO2/ V | 0.114 | 0.108 | 0.104 | 0.098 | ||
| - | rH2O= VH2O/ V | 0.071 | 0.068 | 0.066 | 0.063 | ||
| - | rn= rRO2+ rH2O | 0.185 | 0.176 | 0.17 | 0.161 | ||
4. α=1.3 (.I (4))
∆α=0.1 (.VI (4))
I :
II :
:
:
|
|
|
:
:
:
5. :
, /
:
, /
:
, /
.
:
C .III (4)
:
t=2000˚C, 
/
t=1800˚C, 
/
t=1600˚C, 
/
t=1200˚C, 
/
t=1100˚C, 
/
t=900˚C, 
/
I :
t=800˚C, 
/
t=700˚C, 
/
t=600˚C, 
/
t=500˚C, 
/
II :
t=400˚C, 
/
t=300˚C, 
/
t=200˚C, 
/
:
t=400˚C, /
t=300˚C, /
t=200˚C, /
t=100˚C, 
/
:
, /3
:
t=2000C
/
t=1800˚C
/
t=1600˚C
/
t=1200˚C
/
t=1100˚C
/
t=900˚C
/
I :
t=800˚C
/
t=700˚C
/
t=600˚C
/
t=500˚C
/
II :
t=500˚C
/
t=400˚C
/
t=300˚C
/
t=200˚C
/
:
t=400˚C
/
t=300˚C
/
t=200˚C
/
t=100˚C
/
:
| , ˚ |  , /
|  , /
|  /
| 
/
| |
| α′=1.45 | |||||
| α″=1.55 | |||||
| I αI′′=1.6 | |||||
| II αII′′=1.7 | |||||
| α′′=1.8 | |||||
:
| .. | ||||
| 3 | V=13.68 | |||
| 2 | Fc=28.23 | |||
| 2 | 22.12 | |||
| - | I (4) (S/d=0.08/0.051=1.57;l=0.8d=0.041) (S2/d=0.11/0.051=2.16;l=0.8d=0.041) | x1=0.86 x2=0.1 x3=0.8 x4=0.77 | ||
| 2 | 
| F=19.15 | ||
| =3060-2750/2 | =1685 | |||
| I | 2 | HI=55.23 | ||
| I | 2 | fI=1.17 | ||
| II | 2 | II=42.99 | ||
| II | 2 | f2=0.75 |
| , | |||||
| / | 
| 26732,00 | ||
| ˚C | .2-13 (3) | 150,00 | ||
| / | 
| 2707,50 | ||
| ˚C | 30,00 | |||
| / | 
| 279,79 | ||
| % | 
| 7,79 | ||
| % | .I (4) | 0,75 | ||
| % | . I (4) | 5,50 | ||
| % | .5.1 (4) | 2,30 | ||
| % | 
| 0,16 | ||
| % |  
| 16,50 | ||
| % | 
| 83,50 | ||
| ˚C | 100,00 | |||
| / | 
| 419,00 | ||
| ( 100% =5%) | 
| 
| 1984,60 | ||
| / | 
| 0,09 | ||
| / | 
| 0,09 | ||
| - | 
| 0,97 | ||
| ˚C | 850,00 | |||
| / |
| 14531,60 | ||
| / |  /
| 26908,25 | ||
| ˚C |
| 1560,80 | ||
| - | . 5.1 (2). | 0,60 | ||
| - | 
| 0,41 | ||
| S | 
| 1,74 | |||
| 1/ | 
| 8,28 | ||
| - | 
-.5.5(2) μ=10/V=109.20.16/11.14=1.32
-.64 (2)
| 0,27 | ||
| - | 
| 0,27 | ||
| M | - | 
| 0,59 | ||
| - | 
| 0,47 | ||
| ˚C | 
| 817,63 | ||
| 50C | |||||
| / |
| 13925,86 | ||
| , | 
| / | 
| 11592,92 | |
| / | 
.I (4)
| 175,87 | ||
| / | 
| 54.48 | ||
| ˚C | 300,00 | |||
| / | 
| 4929,80 | ||
| / | 
| 8739,75 | ||
| t | ˚C | XXIII (4) | 194,13 | ||
| ˚C | 
| 291,93 | ||
| ˚C | 
| 558,82 | ||
| ω | / | 
| 2,74 | ||
| /2 |  , 6.1 (2)
| 31,80 | ||
| S | 
| 0,19 | |||
|
| 1/ | 
| 37,11 | ||
| S | - | (krn+μ)PS= (37.110.176+11.26)0.10.19 -.5.5(2) μ=10/V | 0,15 | ||
| a | - | 
| 0,14 | ||
| t | ˚C | 
| 254,13 | ||
| /2 |  , .6.4 (2)
| 4,90 | ||
| /2 | 
| 36,70 | ||
| ψ | - | . 7-1 (3) | 0,65 | ||
| /2 | 
| 23,86 | ||
| / | 
| 4276,01 | ||
| % | 
| 48,93 | ||
| 2%, . | |||||
|
| ˚C | 500,00 | |||
|
| / |
| 8426,00 | ||
|
| / | 
| 5348,43 | ||
| t | ˚C | XXIII (4) | 194,13 | ||
|
| ˚C | 
| 445,99 | ||
|
| ˚C | 
| 658,82 | ||
| ω | / | 
| 3,07 | ||
|
| /2 |  , 6.1 (2)
| 32,32 | ||
| S |
| 0,19 | |||
|
| 1/ | 
| 33,63 | ||
| S | - | (krn+μ)PS= (33.630.176+0.0651.26)0.10.19 -.5.5(2) μ=10/V | 0,11 | ||
| a | - | 
| 0,10 | ||
| t | ˚C |
| 254,13 | ||
|
| /2 |  , .6.4 (2)
| 6,00 | ||
|
| /2 | 
| 38,32 | ||
| ψ | - | . 7-1 (3) | 0,65 | ||
|
| /2 | 
| 24,91 | ||
|
| / | 
| 6820,07 | ||
|
| % | 
| 127,52 | ||
| >2% . | |||||
|
| ˚C | 450,00 | |||
|
| / |
| 7540,60 | ||
|
| / | 
| 6207,27 | ||
| t | ˚C | XXIII (4) | 194,13 | ||
|
| ˚C | 
| 412,75 | ||
|
| ˚C | 
| 633,82 | ||
| ω | / | 
| 2,99 | ||
|
| /2 | , 6.1 (2)
| 32,32 | ||
| S |
| 0,19 | |||
|
| 1/ | 
| 34,50 | ||
| KPS | - | (krn+μ)PS= (34.500.176+0.071.26)0.10.19 -.5.5(2) μ=10/V | 0,12 | ||
| a | - | 
| 0,11 | ||
| t | ˚C |
| 254,13 | ||
|
| /2 |  , .6.4 (2)
| 5,50 | ||
|
| /2 | 
| 37,82 | ||
| ψ | - | . 7-1 (3) | 0,65 | ||
|
| /2 | 
| 24,58 | ||
|
| / | 
| 6228,15 | ||
|
| % | 
| 100,34 | ||
| 2% | |||||
| ( ) | |||||
| ˚C | 300,00 | |||
| / |
| 5213,00 | ||
| / | 
| 2284,91 | ||
| t | ˚C | XXIII (4) | 194,13 | ||
| ˚C | 
| 73,90 | ||
| ˚C | 
| 375,00 | ||
| ω | / | 
| 3,47 | ||
| /2 |  , .6.1 (2)
| 37,10 | ||
| /2 | 
| 24,12 | ||
| / | 
| 851,43 | ||
| % | 
| 37,26 | ||
| 2% | |||||
| ˚C | 400,00 | |||
|
| / |
| 7036,00 | ||
|
| / | 
| 516,60 | ||
| t | ˚C | XXIII (4) | 194,13 | ||
|
| ˚C | 
| 99,98 | ||
|
| ˚C | 
| 425,00 | ||
| ω | / | 
| 3,74 | ||
|
| /2 |  , .6.1 (2)
| 36,72 | ||
|
| /2 | 
| 23,87 | ||
|
| / | 
| 1139,96 | ||
| % | 
| 220,67 | ||
| . | |||||
|
| ˚C | 370,00 | |||
|
| / |
| 6489,10 | ||
|
| / | 
| 1047,09 | ||
| t | ˚C | XXIII (4) | 194,13 | ||
|
| ˚C | 
| 92,77 | ||
|
| ˚C | 
| 410,00 | ||
| ω | / | 
| 3,66 | ||
|
| /2 |  , .6.1 (2)
| 36,10 | ||
|
| /2 | 
| 23,47 | ||
|
| / | 
| 1040,03 | ||
|
| % | 
| 99,33 | ||
| 2%, . | |||||
| ˚C |
| 370,00 | ||
| / |
| 6489,10 | ||
| ˚C | 
| 150,00 | ||
| / |
| 2707,50 | ||
| / | 
| 3695,29 | ||
| / | 
| 800,61 | ||
| ˚C | 
14
| 191,08 | ||
| ˚C | , , 
| 101,08 | ||
| ˚C | 
| 260,00 | ||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
