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of, a leg of a table. a boys house. , a cars roof, a dog's house

2.

 

 

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1.

 

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I) ;

II) ;

) ;

IV) .

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- . - .

A suburban train was derailed near London last night.

.

( ) - . , : - - - - . "", , .

.

was looking at my hat, while he was polishing my shoes.

, .

- . , - .

) . , :

- oats, - potatoes, - outskirts, - cabbages;

- money, - ink, - news, - information.

... , , , ... (.. . ).

...They used to dry the cherries and soak'em and pickle'em and make gam of' em...

. , .

lives in London. - He lived in London.

. - .

, - , , " ".

says he lives in London.

, .

said he lived in London.

, .

) . - , .

, , ... (. . ).

At first the bird hung in my grandfather room, but soon he outlawed it to our attic, because it began to imitate him...

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.

gave a loud whistle.

.

I am a very light eater.

.

is not a terribly good mixer.

.

.

The British government - .

Australian prosperity - .

) , , , . .

was met by his sister.

.

His bed was placed next to Rayana's.

.

(" > ") .

was shot by the sheriff.

.

The door was opened by a tall girl.

.

: The communique says... - ..., The memorandum accuses the present government... - ...

- , .

The crash killed 106 people.

106 .

:

Her eyes seemed to dance with mischief.

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The empty room echoed with heavy footsteps.

.

) . .

1. . - . , "" , :

I like watching her dance.

, .

saw the thief retrieve the purse.

, .

I never once saw him brush his teeth.

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.

They looked sort of poor.

, .

, , , ., , "" ("with", "con" etc.). . , "", , - - .

At the begmnining of the day, with the vastness of the desert stretching out before them, Rayana had felt intimidated by it.

, , .

, . ( "intimidated" ""). - - .

2. - .

It is a debt that I shall never be able to repay.

.

Even though it was so late, the bar was full.

.

3. . , - .

While I was eating my breakfast, two girls came in.

, .

4. .

, . - , , , , .

It was not long before she began to fall behind.

, .

... had a new father whose picture was enclosed...

- .

( ) "as" - " ".

As Varanna watched him practicing down in the courtyard, she recalled how emaciated he had been, when Elder Al'Kali has first brought him to the temple.

, , , , , ' .

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6. .

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It was hot as hell and the windows were all steamy.

, .

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The dried cherries were soft and juicy and sweet and sweet smelling then.

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. .

Thing - , , , , , , , .

Come - , , , , , .

go - , , , , , , , .

Say/tell - , (), (), , , , , , , , , , .

.

In the distance some creature howled.

- .

Violence struck suddenly at the unwary.

.

moved so quietly that even with her trained senses, she did not hear him until he stepped into the firelight.

, , .

, , .

is at school.

.

is at the army.

.

She is in bed.

.

, , , , . . - "The Hound of the Baskervilles" - " ".

:

Your true name would now sit upon you like ill fitting cloak.

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) - , . .

It would no be smart. .

I mean it .

doesn't feel comfortable here. - .

) , , , , . - , , .

...they said "he don't" and "she don't"...

... "" ""...

, .

, . - . , , "" .

I began the book.

// .

Her English is not very good.

/ - / -.

" " " + ":

pay claim - ;

gun license - ;

oil countries - - ;

electricity cut - ;

" + ":

solid engine - ;

logical computer - , ;

the Un-American Committee - .

, :

philosophies - ;

defences - ;

humanities - .

- , . , , , .

" ":

just and equitable treatment - ;

The treaty was pronounced null and void. - ;

bold and courageous struggle - .

" ". .

Rayana felt a disquieting sense of apprehension.

"disquieting" - "", "", "", "apprebension" - "", " )), ")). , - "felt" - "", "" - "sense" - "", "". : " ". , : " ".

***

"" . , , . ( ) .

 

2. , , , ( , ), , .

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, , , ( ), . , , , , . , (, , , , , ..) ( , , , ..), ; , , .

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[. , Gudykunst & Ting-Toomey1990: 99-116]. , , . , , , , , . , . , , , , , , , , , , .

, [. 1991, 1998, 1999, Žegarac & Clark 1999, Ward 1999 .]. , , , , . , . , , .

, , , - , [ 2003, 2004]. , . , , , .

(negative politeness strategies) (positive politeness strategies) [Brown & Levinson 1987]. , , , , , , . , (), , ( , , .). , , privacy, , .

:

(, ): Do you think you I could use your telephone / I am wondering if you could possibly give m a lift ( ) / Would you like to come to my birthday party () / May I have your attention, please? ( );

: Would you kindly stop smoking, please? ( - ) / Would you stop that noise, please? ( ) / I dont think I can completely agree with you ( );

: I dont suppose youd know the time, would you? ( , , ?) / It would be nice to have tea together, but I am sure you are very busy ( , , ) [ Scollon & Scollon 2001: 51];

: I dont think you should work so hard () / I dont think you are right ( ).

, , - , .

, , , , , . .: Would you mind repeating that, please? ( ) , . / Would you like to come to my birthday party next Sunday? ( ) , , . / Could I have another cup of coffee, please?( ) , , ..

, , , , - , , , , . , , , , , , , .

. , , .

- , , , - , . , , , . , - [. Peale, 1952; , 2003], . , (be optimistic ).

, - Howre you? / Howre things? / How is it going? : (Im) well / Im very well / Im really very well / (Im) very well indeed / (Im) fine / Im great / Im grand (IrE.), , , . , , How are you? : ( ) How are you? Are you hurt? I am fine. I am perfectly fine; - : Thanks for your condolences for my Nana, do not worry, everything is fine, and I have enjoyed Easter a lot.

, , , - , , , [Wierzbicka 1999: 241], , . : , , .

, : How absolutely (completely) marvelous (extraordinary, devastating, incredible, fantastic, wonderful, delightful, ravishing, divine, amazing, unbelievable)! , . , .

, , . , , , , , , .

, , . - , , , . , , [ 2002, 2005].

, . , , , , .

., [Wierzbicka 2002]. , , , . , . , (, , ), , , , , . , , .

, , , , ( , , , ).

, , , . , , . , : Would you like to read, Tom? , ; Hi. How are you? , , (, ); Thank you. I am happy, (Would you like some tea, coffee?), , , , ; Your daughter is a genius. She is absolutely fantastic , ; , , We should have lunch together, , , , , , .

, , ( , ), , , , ( , ). [, , 2002: 88]. , , . , , , . (, ) , , , : .: Im just wondering till what time the library is open today ( , .) - , , ? / Can I ask you to write down your answers? ( ) ( ?) , , .

, , ( ), , . , , , . , , :

- sir madam ( , , -);

- , Mr / Mrs / Miss + ;

- ;

- : , , ..,

- ;

- (Good morning / Good afternoon / Good evening / Good bye) (Hello / Hi / Bye), ;

- (swear words).

, , , , (Power distance), [Hofstede 1984, 1991], -, , , , , -.

, , , , , - [. , 2001: 158]. -, , . , , .

, . , , , , - ( , , ). .

: , , [. 2002: 11] ( , ), , , . , , . , , .. [ . 2003].

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.

She took several books. .

She was taken aback. .

to take .

.

1)

2) .

1 - .

- department store (), reading hall (. ), point of view

- to take place, to take advantage of, to set on fire, to give a look.

2 - . , , .

to take to ones heels -

- .





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