Student A:
| Do you like | reading/ to read science fiction books? watching/ to watch TV programmes about scientific discoveries? specializing/ to specialize in financial management? being interrupted/ to be interrupted while you are busy? |
Student B: Yes, I do / I like it very much indeed / I enjoy it / I love it.
No, I don’t / I hate it / I can’t stand it/ I don’t like it at all.
Preferences
Exercise 15. First look at the pattern to express preferences, then working in pairs practise questions and answers as in the model.
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Student A: What do you prefer, swimming or playing tennis?
Student B: I prefer playing tennis to swimming.
| What do you prefer | watching comedies or police drama on TV? specializing in marketing or specializing in management? tennis or aerobics? meat or fish for supper? working at a bank or working for a commercial company? classic music or pop music? jogging or walking for keeping yourself fit? |
Грамматический обзор 4
В английском языке существует несколько способов выражения будущего действия, намерения, решения, состояния.
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1.
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| He will leave for Moscow tomorrow. | Он уедет завтра в Москву. |
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2.
| Me friend is going to study economics next year. (intention) | Мой друг собирается изучать экономику в следующем году (намерение). |
| The annual rate of inflation is going to be 10% next year. (prediction) | Годовой уровень инфляции будет составлять 10 % в следующем году. (прогноз). |
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3.
| The delegation of economists from the USA is to visit our university next September.(official plan or decision) | Делегация экономистов из США посетит/должна посетить наш университет в сентябре следующего года (официально запланированный визит). |
Ниже приводится список структур, выражающих будущее действие с различными смысловыми оттенками:
1. I/he shall/will leave for Moscow tomorrow (shall/will + Vinf).
2. I/he am/is going to leave for Moscow (be going + to-Infinitive).
3. I/he am/is about to leave for Moscow (be + about +to-Infinitive).
4. I/he am/is leaving for Moscow tomorrow (Present Progressive).
5. I/he leave/leaves for Moscow tomorrow (Simple Present).
Следует помнить, что структуры 1 и 2 выражают будущие действия или состояния, которые могут не зависеть или зависеть от желания говорящего или субъекта действия, в то время как структуры 3, 4 и 5 выражают действия или состояния, которые всегда зависят от желания говорящего или субъекта действия, отражая какой-то план, решение или намерение
Exercise 16. Look through Sections A and B, practise some statements and comments, then tell your classmates about your own future plans and intentions inviting them approve or disapprove of them.
  Section A:
I am going to
| specialize in marketing do my English homework tomorrow go on a slimming diet take more exercise for health reasons work at a bank after graduation |
Section B: What a good idea!
Excellent!
Splendid!
That’s very sensible of you!
You shouldn’t do that!
That’s not a very good idea!
What for?
SPEAKING TASK
1. Working in pairs discuss the following questions under the headings I – III.
2. Give a talk in class on the topic “The Subject-matter of
Economics” making use of TEXT A as well as Exercise 2.
I. Economics and Society
1. Are all of us involved in economics? What aspects of our everyday life are connected with economics?
2. What language does the word “economics” come from? What is its original meaning?
3. Who is the founder of economics as a scientific and academic discipline and as a field of study?
4. What is the difference between the words “economics” and “economy”?
5. Are the words “wealth” and “money” synonymous in economics? Do you agree that money is a product substitute? Do you agree that money makes the movement of goods easier?
6. Do you think that there is no difference between human needs and desires in a society?
7. Is nonproductive labour necessary in civilized societies?
