Ȼ 2015
........3
1. .............4
2. .............................5
3. ......................7
3.1. ...........7
3.2. .......................12
3.3. ......15
3.4. ...20
3.5. .......24
3.6. ......................25
3.7. ............27
3.8. .................................28
3.9. ......................30
ꅅ.........32
1. ...............................33
, . , , , , , . , , . , , .
, , . , , . , . .
. , . , , -, , . , , , , . .
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1. .
2. _____ .
3. .
4. ____ .
5. :
5.1. - -.
5.2. ( ) .
5.3. ( ) - .
5.4. ( ) .
2.1
| - ҳ | - | - | |||
| г | ̳ | ѳ | ѳ | ||
2.2
| - | ||
| , % | ||
| , % | ||
| , % | ||
| , % | ||
| , % | ||
| (), % | ||
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3.1. .
3.1.1. -
:
N3 = NB (1 + / 100), (3.1)
N - , .;
- , % (. . 2.2).
i-
i = Ti N3, (3.2)
Ti - i- , .-;
N3 - , .
= 1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5. (3.3)
i = i / (i i i), (3.4)
i - i- , -;
i -
i- , ;
i - i- ( 1,1);
i - ( =1 ).
ϳ .
:
3i = i / i. (3.5)
. 3.1.
3.1
| - | |||||
| i | i | i | i | i | |
, :
=11+22+33+44+55; (3.6)
=11+22+33+44+55; (3.7)
=11+22+33+44+55, (3.8)
1, 2, 3, 4, 5 - (. . 2.1);
1, 2, 3, 4, 5 - (. . 2.1);
1, 2, 3, 4, 5 - (. . 2.1);
1, 2, 3, 4, 5 - (. . 3.1).
3.1.2.
: ; ; ; .
:
= + , (3.9)
- , , , 3;
- , , , , , 3;
- 1 3 (200 /3);
- 1 3 (350 /3).
, : , , , - .
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- , , , , , .
. 15 2. , , .
- , , ( , , ).
- , , , , .
- - , , , , .
- , , .
, , , - . 400 15%, - 15%, - - 35% - 10%.
. 3.2.
3.2
| , % | S, 2 | h, | V=S h, 3 | , . | |
| - | |||||
(. 3.8). , :
= (1 + / 100), (3.10)
- (. 2.2).
. : - 10%, - 5%, - 10%, - 2%.
3.1.3.
. . 3.3.
3.3
| , % | , . | , % | , . | |
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3.2.
: () , ( ), , .
() :
pi = i / (i i), (3.11)
i - i- (. . 3.1);
i - (1800 );
i - ( = 1,1).
. , . 3.4.
3.4
()
| i | i | ||||
: , , ( . . 3.5). , . , , . 3.5.
3.5
| - | , . | |||
, () , - .
. 3.6 3.7 .
3.6
| , / | |||||
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3.7
| , / | |||||
| () | |||||
, , , , , .
, . 3.6 3.7 .
3.3.
: , .
, , : , , , , . .
, .
:
= , (3.12)
- , -;
- , . / -.
, . . 3.5.
3.8
| , ./- | ||||
| , . | ||||
. 3.8 . 3.4, .
. 3.8 :
= S ( ) / S , ( 3.13)
= S ( ) / S , (3.14)
. 3.8.
.
.2. (3.10) :
= ; (3.15)
= /100, (3.16)
- ;
- .
( ) :
= + , (3.17)
( ) .
, . , (. . 3.3) :
= ; (3.18)
= /100; (3.19)
= + , (3.20)
- , ;
- ( );
- .
, , 1800 . , 11 . .
. 3.9.
, . . 3.6 3.7. , :
= 11 ; (3.21)
= /100; (3.22)
= + , (3.23)
- (, );
- ( );
, , - , .
, , . 3.10, 3.11, 3.12.
: , , , , :
= / (12 ), (3.24)
- ;
- .
3.9
| N / | , . | , /, / | , ./, ./ | , . | , . | , . |
3.10
| , . | , . | , . | , . | , . | |
3.11
| , . | , . | , . | , . | , . | |
| () | |||||
3.12
| , . | , . | , . | , . | , . | |
3.4.
, .
3.4.1.
, .
:
1) (, , ) 500 . ;
2) ( 2000 . 1 );
3) (. . 3.9, 2 3);
4) ( );
5) , ( 2% ).
:
1) (. . 3.9, 9);
2) ( );
3) (50% 1).
, :
1) : 6, 7, 8 (. . 3.9), : 13 21 (. . 3.10);
2) ( ).
3) , ( 2% 1).
:
1) (. . 3.9, 1);
2) ( );
3) , ( 5% 1).
3.13
| 1. | 1) 500 (. 3.1) | |
| 2) 2000 (. 3.7) | ||
| 3) 2 3 . 3.9 | ||
| 4) ( 3) 37,45/100 | ||
| 5) ( 1,2,3,4) 2/100 | ||
| 2. | 1) 9 . 3.9 | |
| 2) ( 1) 37,45/100 | ||
| 3) ( 1) 50/100 | ||
| 3. | 1) 6, 7, 8 . 3.9 13-21 . 3.10 | |
| 2) ( 1) 37,45/100 | ||
| 3) ( 1) 2/100 | ||
| 4. | 1) 1 . 3.9 | |
| 2) ( 1) 37,45/100 | ||
| 3) ( 1) 5/100 | ||
3.4.2.
, , .
(. . 3.11).
:
1) : 1-12 (. . 3.10);
2) ( );
3) , (5% 1).
:
1) (. . 3.9, 10);
2) ( );
3) ( 0,1% );
4) (, , , , ); 20% .
, :
1) (. .3.9, 4, 5);
2) ( );
3) , , , (5% ).
, , , , , , (10% ).
3.14
| 1. | . 3.3 | |
| 2. | 1) 1-12 . 3.10 | |
| 2) ( 1) 37,45/100 | ||
| 3) ( 1) 5/100 | ||
| 3. | 1) 10 . 3.9 | |
| 2) ( 1) 37,45/100 | ||
| 3) 0,1/100 ( . 3.2) | ||
| 4) 20/100 ( . 3.2) | ||
| 4. | 1) 4-7 . 3.9 | |
| 2) ( 1) 37,45/100 | ||
| 3) 5/100 (. 3.8) | ||
| 5. | ( 1,2,3.4) 10/100 | |
:
= 100 / ; (3.25)
= 100 / ; (3.26)
- , .;
- , .;
- , .;
, - , %.
3.5.
:
= . (3.27)
= ( /100) 0.1. (3.28)
:
= ; (3.29)
- ;
- (. (3.14)).
. 2.1. .
(3.16) :
= (/100) . (3.30)
.
, , :
= ( + ) / 100; (3.31)
- .
, :
= / 100; (3.32)
(3.25).
, :
= / 100; (3.33)
(3.26).
:
= ( + ) / 100; (3.34)
- (. . 2.2), .
:
= + + + + + + (3.35)
(3.35) .
3.6.
:
= + + , (3.36)
- (. (3.35);
;
, .
:
= / 100, (3.37)
:
= / 100. (3.38)
.
. 3.14.
3.14
| : | |
| : | |
| () |
3.7.
- , , .. . .
: (. 3.1).
. NB. , , , , .
(3.33), (3.37), (3.38) N, :
= ( + + ) N. (3.39)
, , :
N. (3.40)
, , ( 3.35) :
= - . (3.41)
, , . :
= N. (3.42)
. 1.
, , ..
= / ( - ). (3.43)
:
= . (3.44)
3.8.
: ; 360 . , , . . . 3.15.
:
= N. (3.45)
: . 3.13. 1 1 . 3.14. 3 3.
. 3.13 3.14 : . 3.13. 2 1 . 3.14. 4 3.
5% (. . 3.14 3 4).
50% , (. . 5 6 . 3.3).
50% :
= 0,5 N. (3.46)
:
= N , (3.47)
- , 0,5.
:
= N (3.48).
15 .
(. . 4 ) (.. 16 ).
, 5 .
3.15
| - | - | ( ) | ||
| - | ||||
3.9.
. 3.16.
(3.42)
(3.48).
= - . (3.49)
. 3.3.
3.15.
, , , (. . 3.4, 3.9, 3.10, 3.11, 3.12).
(. (3.17) . (3.9), (3.10), (3.11), (3.12)).
S 3.2.
:
= / . (3.50)
:
= / . (3.51)
:
= 100 / . (3.52)
:
= 100 / . (3.53)
:
= 100 / ( + ), (3.54)
, - .
:
= / ( + ). (3.55)
3.16
| . | ||
| . | ||
| . | ||
| . | ||
| () | . | |
| . | ||
| . | ||
| 2 | ||
| ./. | ||
| . | ||
| % | ||
| - | ||
| % | ||
| % | ||
| - |
1. .., .., .. - : 2- ., . . . . : . . -, 2002.
2. .., .., ..
