( ). , () , . ( t) . ( [ t, t+Dt ]) ( ) (r) (k0). . Dt Dt. , , (P), , () .. (p), (, , () ..). k1 ( Dt) (., . 1). . , , . , , ( ).
P, p, k1 r, k0
.1.
[ t, t+Dt ]:
r ( ) ( ) ;
k0 - ;
k1 - ( );
p - ( );
P - ( ).
(k) ()
k = ar +b
m ( m >2). , , { rj,kj, j=1,,m } a,b, ( ):
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min ∑ (a×rj+b kj)2.
a,b j=1,,m
,
∑ [2×(a×rj+b kj)×cj ] = 0, ∑ [2×(a×rj+b kj)] = 0.
j=1,,m j=1,,m
r0=(1/m) ×∑ rj, k0=(1/m) ×∑ k i.
j=1,,m i=1,,m
( ), :
= ∑ (rj r0) × (k j k 0) / ∑ (rj r0)2, b = k0 × r0,
j=1,,m j=1,,m
, :
r*=(c-b/a)/2.
r* : k*=a× r *+b. : k*×(c- r*)-P.
: . , (, , ). , .
, , , Excel. , c* k*=a×c*+b.
. , , , , :
/ (i) | () | (ki) | (Ri) | - (pi= Ri / ki) | (Pi) |
40+N1 | 10000+250N1 | ||||
36+((N1+N2)/2) | 7200+200((N1+N2)/2) | ||||
30+N2 | 4500+150N2 | 500-10N1 | |||
21+((3N2-N1)/2) | 2100+100((3N2-N1)/2) | 600+10N2 |
(N1,N2), . , : N1- () ( ); N2- (, 3, N1 = 0, N2=3; , 21, N1 = 2, N2=1 ..). ( ) N1=N2 =0( ).
Excel
, 1 3, , 3 , 3 4 2 3.
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