α > 0,3; α < 0,03 ( 0,1 )
( ).
.
HA↔H+ + A | = = [H+][A]/[HA] | |
p = -lg() |
, (3) = 1,810-5; = 4,8
()
, , 2 , , a, :
= ,
ѷa , (1 a) .
. , ; , - . , , . a<<1, , , . :
@ a2 a =
, .
:
1. ;
2.;
.
. , . =298 (. . 15).
15
( 25) | |
HNO2 | =410-4 |
H2O2 | , 1=10-12; , 2=10-25 |
H2SiO3 | , 1=10-10; , 2=10-22 |
H2SO3 | , 1=210-2; , 2=10-14 |
H2S | , 1=610-8; , 2=10-14 |
CH3COOH | =1,7410-5 |
HCOOH | =1,810-4 |
H2CO3 | , 1=4,510-7; , 2 =4,710-11 |
NH4OH | =1,810-5 |
HF | =710-4 |
15, H2O2, F.
: .
. .
, .